Abstract

Hospital infection is one of the important agent morbidity and mortality in patient. Bacillus cereus is one of the bacteria that cause nosocomial infection. Hospital surfaces and staff hands have important to creation nosocomial infections. Hospital surfaces have potentional capacity to carry bacteria and staff hands are the most reason for the transmission of bacteria to hospital. The present study was performed at one tertiary care hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. During a 30 month period. According to statistical formula, randomly selected 328 samples were needed for study, that from this samples 164 samples was environmental and 164 samples was clinical. Environmental and staff hands samples respectively were randomly selected from different ward of hospital andfingerprint technique, then samples cultured on Blood agar and EMB and were examined by Kirby Bauer Antibiogram and Acidimetric test. Of 328 samples, 21 samples was B. cereus. According to the result the prevalence of B. cereus was 6.4% (p=0.56) so, antibiotic resistance in B. cereus strain for Penicillin, Cefotaxime and Ampicillin were respectively 81, 47.6 and 19%. According to Acidimetric test 100% of isolated B. cereusstrains from environmental, and 92.30% from staff hands product β–Lactamase. Result demonstrate high prevalence of resistance to β–Lactamase antibiotics B. cereus strain. One of the reason to create antibiotic resistant in bacteria is to increase contact of Bacteria.

Key words: Bacillus cereus, β–lactamase, antibiotic resistance, nosocomial infection, staff hands, hospital surfaces.