January 2012
The multi - dimensional relationship between religion and sport
The paper defines religion and sport as social institutions which have engaged large portions of many societies. The functions of both are highlighted to include social bonding and interaction, promotion of integration as well as socialization. The relationship between religion and sport are reviewed from primitive societies to the reformation, the rise of Protestantism and industrial revolution. It is concluded that...
January 2012
Study of effective factors of fans’ brand loyalty in Iranian professional football league
The purpose of this study was to examine the effective dimensions of brand association in Iranian Professional Football League. A descriptive- survey study was a kind of practical research. A sample of Iranian professional football league fans (n = 797) participated in this research. Gladden and Funk team's brand association questionnaire used to collect the data. The reliability of the questionnaire was...
January 2012
Time course changes in muscle size and fatigue during walking with restricted leg blood flow in young men
Walk training combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) leads to hypertrophic effects in leg muscle, but the underlying physiological mechanisms are poorly understood. We examined the time course of the acute effects of BFR slow walk (BFR-slow; walking speed 56 m/min), BFR fast walk (BFR-fast; walking speed 87 m/min), and control walk (CON-slow; walking speed 56 m/min) on ultrasound-measured muscle thickness...
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