January 2012
Research progress on polysaccharides from Ginkgo biloba
Ginkgo is a genus of highly unusual non-flowering plants with one extant species. The Ginkgoaceae is a family of gymnosperms which appeared during the Mesozoic Era, of which the only extant representative is Ginkgo biloba, which is for this reason sometimes regarded as a living fossil. Extracts of Ginkgo contain flavonoid glycosides and terpenoids (ginkgolides, bilobalides) and have been used...
January 2012
Zerumbone isolated from Zingiber zerumbet inhibits inflammation and pain in rats
Zerumbone a monocyclic sisquiterpene, is the major constituent of Zingiber zerumbet Smith. In Southeast Asia, Z. zerumbet is being used for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. The objective of this current investigation was to evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of zerumbone isolated from Z. zerumbet in rats. The results revealed zerumbone...
January 2012
Improvement of the antioxidant activity of apigenin in linoleic acid system by o-prenylation
With apigenin as raw material, 5-prenyloxy apigenin was synthesized and identified by high performance liquid chromatography - ultra violet - electrospray ionization tandem/ mass spectrometry (HPLC-UV-ESI/MS). And its antioxidant activity in linoleic acid system was superior to that of apigenin, which could support our hypothesis about antioxidant function regions of flavonoids. Key...
January 2012
Efficiency of Moringa oleifera dietary supplement reducing lead toxicity in Puntius altus
Moringa oleifera was investigated to reduce the lead toxicity in Puntius altus via histopathological analysis. P. altus (n = 30) was divided into 3 groups, for feeding program with the different M. oleifera concentration; 0, 20 and 60 mg g-1 fish food. After 4-weeks feeding time, all fish were exposed to 93.8 mg L-1 (50% of 24 h LC50) of lead for 24 h. The histopathologic...
January 2012
Antioxidant activities of Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel extract on brain of rats
Methanol extract of Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel was screened for its antioxidant activity on brain of adult male Wister albino rats. The antioxidant activity was determined by measuring reduced glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (MDA)...
January 2012
Antiproliferative activity of combination of Thai herbal remedy and chemotherapeutic agents on human cancer cell lines
Thai herbal remedies have long been used as traditional medicine in Thailand for cancer therapy, however, little is known for their scientific information especially their anticancer effects. In this study, one commonly used Thai herbal remedy for cancer therapy, was demonstrated for its antiproliferative effect on 7 human cancer cell lines; MDA-MB435, SKBR3, MCF-7, T47D, A549, SK-LU1 and Caco-2. Combination of...
January 2012
Neuroprotective effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira) maxima against kainic acid-induced neurotoxicity
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurologic disorders and brain dysfunctions. Spirulina (Arthrospira) maxima (SP) is a cyanobacteria with nutritional, pharmacological and important antioxidant activity. This study aims to evaluate the neuroprotective role of SP against kainic acid (KA) neurotoxicity. Male SW mice were treated with SP for 24 days (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg,...
January 2012
Effects of the application of vermicompost and phosphate solubilizing bacterium on the morphological traits and seed yield of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.)
The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of biofertilizers on the morphological traits and seed yield in the anise plant height, umbel number per plant, weight of 1000 seeds, biological and seed yield. The experiment was carried out at the Hamand Research Station in Damavand in 2009. Vermicompost (0, 5 and 10 ton/ha) and phosphate solubilizing bacterium, Bacillus circulans (non-inoculated,...
January 2012
Effects of modified pulsatilla decoction on avian colibacillosis and concentrations of nitrogen oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum
To investigate the mechanism of the Chinese herbal formula modified pulsatilla decoction (MPD) on chicken colibacillosis, the oral herbal liquid was used to treat chickens experimentally infected with Escherichia coli. The serum nitrogen oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations -were determined. The results showed that the MPD oral liquid administrated at a dose of 1.5, 1.0 and...
January 2012
Bioactive compounds, antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibition, xanthine oxidase inhibition, anticholinesterase and anti inflammatory activities of Prunus mahaleb L. seed
Prunus mahaleb L. plant is cultivated for its seeds which are known as a spice. There is lack of information about its biological activities although it has long history of ethnopharmacological application. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate the bioactive compounds, antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibition, xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition, anticholinesterase and anti inflammatory activities of...
January 2012
Antibacterial activities of commonly used traditional Chinese medicines as cold and flu remedies
Coptis chinensis, Andrographis paniculata, Isatis Radix, Lonicera japonica Thunb, andSenecionis Scandentis are traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) widely used in China and eastern Asia for treatment of "warm diseases", including infectious diseases. They are main ingredients in many popular TCM formulas for "warm diseases". This study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity...
January 2012
Aerenchyma formation and increased accumulation of free proline in roots of xerophytic Aloe vera L. cultured in nutrient solutions
Aloe vera L. is a xerophyte with a crassulacean acid metabolism pathway. Due to its importance in traditional medicine, healthcare, cosmetics and food products, aloe production is currently at an accelerated pace worldwide. Field production, however, has been limited by its sensitivity to chilling temperature and also by low yield and low plant quality. To overcome these limitations, this study tested the...
January 2012
Evaluation of antioxidant and antifungal potential of Asphodelus aestivus Brot. growing in Turkey
In vitro antioxidant and antifungal activities of Asphodelus aestivus Brot. leaves were evaluated. Total flavonoid, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, b-carotene bleaching effect, metal chelating ability, total antioxidant activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine...
January 2012
Active components, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts from Melicope patulinervia
Melicope patulinervia (Merr. and Chun) Huang is the rare and endangered plant in the Hainan Province, China. In the purpose of exploring the value of its exploitation and utilization, this study was conceived to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and the active ingredients of this plant. Spectrophotometry was the basis for the determinations of total phenol and total flavonoids. Meanwhile, the...
January 2012
In vitro analysis of Cupressus sempervirens L. plant extracts antibaterial activity
The antibacterial activity of methanolic, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of leaf ofCupressus sempervirens L. was determined on six bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae andSalmonella typhimurium using agar well diffusion method. Among the plant extracts, a significant antimicrobial activity was...
January 2012
Effects of different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on some agromorphological and biochemical traits of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)
In order to study the effect of various levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on some agromorphological and biochemical traits of German chamomile, this experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the years 2009 to 2010. Nitrogen levels were: 0, 50, and 100 kg/ha of pure nitrogen, phosphorus levels were: 0, 25, and 50 kg/ha...
January 2012
Cultivated and wild plantain (Plantago major) as a host of Stolbur phytoplasma in Serbia
The wild plantain (Plantago major) is an important medicinal plant. Symptoms suggestive of phytoplasma diseases were observed in infected plantain plants in Serbia. A new disease onP. major has symptoms of reduced leaf size, leaf reddening and crinkling, and occasionally rolling of flowers and early drying up. This disease was found first on the plantain plantation in Pancevo locality, but later has been found in...
January 2012
Identification of the medicinal plant Dipsacus asperoides from three other species in genus Dipsacus (Dipsaceae) by internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA ITS)
The internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA ITS including ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2) of six populations of Dipsacus asperoides and two adulterants (Dipsacus japonicus and Dipsacus chinensis), were sequenced by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products sequencing method and a phylogenetic tree was constructed by neighbor-joining method with Mega 3.1 software. The sequences of...
January 2012
Antibacterial activity of Phoenix dactylifera L. leaf and pit extracts against selected Gram negative and Gram positive pathogenic bacteria
The crude methanol, acetone and water extracts of leaves and pits of three varieties ofPhoenix dactylifera were tested for antibacterial action against selected Gram positive and Gram negative pathogenic bacteria. Barring Enterococcus faecalis, the acetone and methanol extracts showed good antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexeneri,...
January 2012
Proximate composition and flavonoids content and in vitro antioxidant activity of 10 varieties of legume seeds grown in China
A comparative study of several Chinese legume varieties was carried out to evaluate the proximate composition and total flavonoid contents (TFC) and in vitro antioxidant activities of the selected legume seeds. Defatted legume seed flour was extracted with ethanol. The ethanolic extracts were then subjected to evaluating their in vitro antioxidant activities using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)...
January 2012
Evaluation of antifungal effect of Lavandula officinalis, Salvia officinalis L., Sumac, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Althaea officinalis extracts on Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus flavus species
Using synthetic preservatives to control fungal disease has become important due to emergence of drug resistance and some side effects of the drugs’ remainder including carcinogenicity and teratogenicity. Lavandula, Salvia officinalis L., Sumac, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Althaea officinalis are some medicinal plants with proved therapeutic effects as anti-microbial, anti-viral, and...
January 2012
Investigation of the antioxidant activity of Illicium verum extracts
Illicium verum has been widely used in many Asian countries as a spice and pharmaceutical treatment for many diseases. In this study, the antioxidant properties of the ethanol extracts fractionated by hexane, ethyl ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate, and supercritical CO2 extracts of the plant were evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect, the total equivalent antioxidant...
January 2012
A pilot study for evaluation of antioxidant activity of resveratrol from Polygonum cuspidatum in senescence-accelerated mice
The current study was undertaken to measure the antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging ability of resveratrol from Polygonum cuspidatum in senescence-accelerated mice (SAM). The SAM were administered with resveratrol by introgastric gavage at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg·bw for 2 months. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and oxidation...
January 2012
Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial potential of methanolic leaf extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita: Lamiaceae)
The present investigation aims to assess the phytochemical content, antioxdative activity and antimicrobial activity of the methanolic leaf extract of locally available Mentha piperita, the mint plant. The methanolic leaf extract of mint leaves was analyzed qualitatively for the phytochemical contents as previously described. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl–hydrate radical (DPPH) free radical...
January 2012
Preliminary phytochemical screening and evaluation of the antibacterial and mutagenic activity of Rhynchocorys elephas (L.) Griseb
Traditional medicine has a key role in health care worldwide. Obtaining scientific information about the efficacy and safety of the plants is one of the researcher's goals. In this research, the flowering aerial parts of Rhynchocorys elephas (L.) Griseb (Scrophulariaceae) were collected from Siah Bisheh (Mazandaran, Iran) in May 2009. Extract was tested for its antibacterial activity using 3 Gram-positive...
January 2012
Effect of Nigella sativa L. (black seed) extract on some clinically significant aerobic actinomycetes
The effect of extracts of Nigella sativa seeds against some clinically important actinomycetes namely: Gordonia, Mycobacterium, Nocardia and Rhodococcus were investigated. Petroleum ether extract of N. sativa seeds was found to be more effective than methanolic extracts. At 0.3 mg/ml, 0.5 cm inhibition zone was noticed in all test strains except Rhodococcus...
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