December 2009
Probiotic potential of lactobacillus strains in human infections
Probiotics means “for life”. Probiotics are naturally occurring beneficial organisms that aid in digestion and inhibit disease-causing bacteria in the intestine. Due to the beneficial impact of microorganism used as Probiotics; during the last decades progressive attention has been focused on biological and molecular characterization and improvement of such microbes during the last decades. Probiotics...
December 2009
Public health significance of viral contamination of drinking water
Water-borne enteric viruses pose a threat to both human and animal life causing a wide range of illnesses. Groundwater is the commonest transmission route for these viruses. About 50% of groundwater related disease outbreaks are attributable to viruses. Recent studies in developed countries have focused on public water systems, unfortunately, without much attention to private household wells and storage facilities. This...
December 2009
Bioaccumulation of heavy metals by yeasts from Qua Iboe estuary mangrove sediment ecosystem, Nigeria
The effect of heavy metals (Pb, Ni and Zn) on the growth rate, number of generation, generation time and bioaccumulation potential of Saccharomyces-ESY2 andCandida-ESY13 isolated from the epipellic sediment of Qua Iboe mangrove ecosystem was evaluated. The investigation was conducted over a period of 90 days in laboratory microcosms bearing epipellic sediment simulated with 1642.00 mgkg-1of Zn, 208.00...
December 2009
Antimicrobial potentials of indigenous Lactobacillus strains on gram-negative indicator bacterial species from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell.) microbial inhibition of fish-borne pathogens
This study tries to evaluate the ability of L. fermentum LbFF4 isolated from Nigerian fermented food (fufu) and L. plantarum LbOG1 from a beverage (ogi), to inhibit some fish bacterial pathogens (Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas and Salmonella species) under in vitro conditions. Overall phenotypic antibiotic resistance of 124 Gram-negative bacterial isolates...
December 2009
Is PCR assay reliable for diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis?
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is one of the major problems in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of all diagnosed tuberculosis cases among those urban patients referred to private clinical laboratories, and comparing the results of PCR technique with traditional methods. In the present study, we examined 2123 specimens who were referred from private clinical laboratories between 2006 till...
December 2009
Estimation of bacterial contamination of indigenous bovine carcasses in Khartoum (Sudan)
The study was conducted to evaluate the bacteriological contamination in indigenous cattle in slaughterhouse, Khartoum State, during April 2008 - June 2008. A total of 384 swab samples were collected from 32 carcasses for identification of the isolates and bacterial total viable counts (TVCs). The mean total viable count of bacteria after skinning, evisceration and washing operations at shoulder site were, 3.03 ±...
December 2009
A comparative study of serum ferritin and other "acute phase reactants" (APR) in minor and major surgery
This study was carried out on serum ferritin, acute phase reactants (APR), iron (Fe) and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) in healthy women in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria and in female patients undergoing suture (minor operation) and ceaserean operations at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria between February and March, 2009. The results revealed post-operative serum ferritin and APR...
December 2009
Microbiological and physico-chemical properties of some commercial Nigerian honey
A total of 10 honey samples from different geographical locations of Nigeria were evaluated for their physico-chemical properties and microbiological quality. The honey samples were examined for antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Clostridium sporogenes and Candida...
December 2009
Planting density influence on variation of the essential oil content and compositions in valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) under different sowing dates
This study was conducted on experimental field of Abureyhan Campus, Tehran University at Pakdasht zone in Iran during 2005 - 2006. The experimental design was a split factorial on the basis of completely randomized block design with fourreplicates. The main factor including sowing dates (10 August, 1 September and 20 September) and sub factor including planting densities (40000, 80000 and 120000 plants...
December 2009
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from Limpopo Province, South Africa using VITEK 2 system, Micro Scan WalkAway, disk diffusion and E-test method
A total of 300 isolates of Aeromonas Hydrophila isolated from water and stool samples were tested using the Vitek 2 system, disk diffusion, MicroScan Walkaway and E-test for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. For the total of 34 antimicrobial tested, the MICs agreement was 99.7% for isolates from all sources. Almost 100% of isolates were resistant to ampicillin using both methods with the MIC ranging from 1...
December 2009
Role of microbes in nitrogen and metal hyperaccumulation by taxilaion Eichhornia crassipes
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is abundantly found in waste water and in soil (landfills) of Taxila, Pakistan. It is a well known hyper-accumulator, bioindicator and phytoremediator of nitrogen and metals. In the present study, three different experiments were performed and tried to lay down a foundation for further research in the field of environmental studies. Firstly, we assessed the metallic concentrations...
December 2009
Evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic methods for detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Rapid and reliable identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is important for provision of both appropriate therapy and control measures. However, the heterogeneous nature of methicillin resistance in S. aureus limits accuracy and reliability of phenotypic methods for detecting resistance. In this study, phenotypic methods for determination of methicillin resistance were compared...
December 2009
Integrated system for rearing Mugil species in a crude oil treated seawater using a marine Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain elnaggar1
This study aimed to create an integrated model system to bio-remediate escaped crude oil in marine environment and study the impact of the bioremediation processes on the aquatic living organisms using Mugil cephalus fries as a living case study. Three crude oil concentrations (100, 300 and 500 ppm) were tested using glass aquaria inoculated with M. cephalus fries. The chemical treatment was carried...
December 2009
Microbial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from open fracture wounds presenting to the err of black-lion hospital, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
Sixty to seventy percent of compound fractures are believed to be contaminated with bacteria at the time of injury from both skin and environment. Infection of open fractures depends on the environmental, microbial and host factors. In developing countries like Ethiopia, a high incidence of open fracture wound infection is suspected though the magnitude of the problem is not known. No documented report on bacterial...
December 2009
First morpho-molecular identification of Rhizoctonia solani AG-7 from potato tuber-borne sclerotium in Saudi Arabia
Losses in yield and potato tubers quality caused by Rhizoctonia solani in Saudi Arabia was investigated in 2007. A number of sclerotia of R. solani were isolated from potato tubers collected from Saudi Arabia. Based on morphological observations, hyphal fusion compatibility and pathogenicity tests, most isolates collected belonged to AG 3, but 13, 5 and 2% of the isolates were AG-4, AG-5 and AG-7,...
December 2009
Determination and analysis of cordycepin and adenosine in the products of Cordyceps spp.
Cordyceps sinensisis, a kind of precious natural crude drugs and edible mushrooms, were used as tonic food in East Asia area and enjoyed an extensive praise for its medicinal functions. Cordyceps militaris, as a substitute for C. sinensis, is a widely distributed species, which can be cultivated in various medium. In this study, the contents of major bioactive components, cordycepin and adenosine in fruiting...
December 2009
Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from health care institutions in Ekiti and Ondo States, South-Western Nigeria
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causative agents of infection in all age groups following surgical wounds, skin abscesses, osteomyelitis and septicaemia. In Nigeria, it is one of the most important pathogen and a frequent micro-organism obtained from clinical samples in the microbiology laboratory. Data on clonal identities and diversity, surveillance and new approaches in the molecular...
December 2009
Activity of fungal endophytes against four maize wilt pathogens
Endophytic fungi were studied for their effect on the causal agents of maize seedling blight, stalk and root rot. These endophytes include: Beaveria bassiana, Trichoderma koningii, Alternaria alternata, Phoma sp., Acremonium strictum which were isolated from maize roots, while the pathogens: Fusarium oxysporum,Fusarium pallidoroseum, Fusarium verticillioides and Cladosporium...
December 2009
Cowpea waste: A novel substrate for solid state production of amylase by Aspergillus oryzae
Cowpea waste moistened with minerals was used as the solid substrate for the production of glucoamylase by Aspergillus oryzae BS41. The waste supported mould growth and enzyme synthesis. Maximum glucoamylase synthesis (970U/ml) was obtained when fermentation was carried out at 72 h with an inoculum’s size, initial moisture and pH of 4%, 60% and 5.0 respectively at 28 ± 2°C. Supplementation...
December 2009
In vitro study of synergistic antimicrobial effect of carvacrol and cymene on drug resistant Salmonella typhi
The ineffective use of antibiotics in inhibiting drug resistant Salmonella typhi has lead to the search of alternative compounds to replace antibiotics. In this study, carvacrol and cymene, compounds naturally present in oregano, thyme and savory were tested for their antimicrobial activity against 4 strains of drug resistant S. typhi, STC1 to STC4. Carvacrol, but not cymene was found to be able to...
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