2024-04-25T07:23:00Z https://academicjournals.org/oai-pmh/handler

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:C19D2BD65329 2002-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Aerobic exercise training and quality of life in stroke patients Hamzat TK Review There is an increasea appreciation of the need to include endurance exercise training in the overall management of stroke victims by the physioshy; therapist. Raising the patient#39;s level of physical fitness through aerobic exercise would help to reduce the incidence of secondary health condishy; tions, such as obesity, hypertension; and depreshy; ssion, which may result from the patients reduced mobility. This paper discusses the role of exercise in improving tne quality of Life of stroke victims. It also highlights the type of exercise that may be used to achieve this goal. Key words: stroke, quality of life, exercise training Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/C19D2BD65329 en Copyright © 2002 Hamzat TK

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:55047DB65327 2002-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Patterns of musculoskeletal pain in selected occupations Olaogun MOB, Oladimeji BY, Adedoyin RA, Olaogun AAE, Akinloye AA, Egwu MO, Oyelese BO and Folorunso TJ Full Length Research Paper The objective of this study was to identify the patterns of chronic or recurrent musculoskeletal pain in selected occupations (auto-mechanics, typists and secretaries, fashion designers and market traders) and to discuss the prospect of introducing an educational package for the prevention/rehabilitation of such chronic pains. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire that Was circulated to randomly selected autoshy; mechanics, typists and secretaries, tailors/sewing mistresses (fashion designers), market traders and some others as a general group. Information on age, gender, site/region of pain, acuteness, chronicity , recurrence, and attitude in respect of such painfal conditions were collected. General body pain, neck pain and low back pain were common in all the occupations. The rate (per cent) of low back pain was high among auto-mechanics and secretaries/typists. Seventy-nine per cent of the respondents were willing to participate in an educational programme for the prevention and rehabilitation of recurrent and chronic conditions. Key words: Musculoskeletal pain, occupational nea1tn nazaras. Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/55047DB65327 en Copyright © 2002 Olaogun MOB, Oladimeji BY, Adedoyin RA, Olaogun AAE, Akinloye AA, Egwu MO, Oyelese BO and Folorunso TJ

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:CDCF86165325 2002-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Transmissivity of some local couplants and phonophoretic drugs Adegoke BOA and Edeni KO Full Length Research Paper This study was designed to compare the transmissivity of ultrasonic energy through Feldene gel, Bengay ointment, shea butter, and honey with that of Aquasonic gel . The subjectsfor the Study were eight normal undergraduate students aged 21-24 years. The pre-insonation skin temperature in the mid-anterior aspect of the subjects#39; thighs was recorded. The selected area was then insonated for two minutes using the continuous, direct contact method and the post-insonation skin temperature was recorded using a skin thermometer. The difference between the pre- and post-insonation skin temperatures was used as an index of transmissivity. The transmissivity of each of the studied coup/ants was compared to that of Aquasonic gel using the independent t-test. All the coup/ants were farther compared using one-way ANOVA at a =0.05 level. There was no significant difference between the transmissivity of the coup/ants though the transmissivity of all the studied coup/ants appeared to be hisher than that of Aquasoniquot; gel. It was concluded that honey could readily be substituted for Aquasonic gel based on its availability, therapeutic value and variation in temperature change close to that of Aquasonic gel. Key words: Transmissivity, phonophoresis, couplants. Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/CDCF86165325 en Copyright © 2002 Adegoke BOA and Edeni KO

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:5B069E065323 2002-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Effect of two selected postural drainage positions and percussion on the blood pressure of healthy subjects Arigbabowo A and Adedoyin RA Full Length Research Paper This study examines the blood pressure responses of apparently healthy subjects to two postural drainage positions and percussion. Forty-one subjects (29 males and 12females ) participated in the study and were randomly assigned into four groups, with three groups having JO subjects (7 males and 3 females ) each and the fourth group having 11 subjects (8 males and 3females). All of the subjects were allowed to rest for five minutes before taking part in the study. Thereafter. they assumed a suP#39;quot;ie (lying) position for JO minutes and then cha 1ged to a level or a head-down, side-lying pl sition for another J O minutes. Their blood presrnres were then taken at the first. fifth and tenth minutes. Two of thefour groups received percussion while in the selected positions. The systolic blood pressure (SEP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reduced significantly when the subjects changed from a suptne (lying) position to a level or a head-down. side-lying position (P lt; 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the SBPs and DBPs of the group that received percussion and the group that did not receive percussion. We concluded that percussion did not affect the blood pressure of the subjects. Key words: posrural drainage, percussion, blood pressure Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/5B069E065323 en Copyright © 2002 Arigbabowo A and Adedoyin RA

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:5D1E23865331 2002-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Abdominal muscle strength and some respiratory function indices in subjects of varying parity status Sanya AO and Famuyide AO Full Length Research Paper This clinical evaluation study was carried out to compare the strength of abdominal muscles and some respiratory function indices in volunteer women of childbearing age. The population for this study comprised: volunteer female staff of the University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan; female students of the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and postshy; natal patients of UCH, Ibadan, Nigeria. One hundred women of childbearing age volunteered to participate in the study; they comprised 50 postshy; parous and 50 nulliparous subjects who were recruited as they became available. Data were collected over a period of 8 weeks. The vital capacity (VC), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and strength of the abdominal muscles were measured . The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, standard de viation and inferential statistics of t-test at 0. 05 alpha level of significance. The results showed that while PEFR and abdominal muscle strength were significantly higher in the nulliparous group (p lt; 0.05). vital capacity, a ventilatory parameter, was not significantly different in the two groups. The study concluded that the significantly lower abdominal muscle strength and PEFR in the post-parous subjects can be attributed to restrictive anatomical features of the rib cage. The study therefore recommended that there is a need for obstetricians in charge of ante and postshy; natal women to refer them for physiotherapy for abdominal muscle strengthening programmes. This will strengthen their abdominal muscles and promote respiratory efficiency. Key words: Parity, respiratory function indices, abdominal muscle strength. Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/5D1E23865331 en Copyright © 2002 Sanya AO and Famuyide AO

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:BE8752165345 2002-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Identifying with our knowledge base Matthew OB Olaogun Editorial There is need for physiotherapists to identify with the science or the knowledge base of the profession -.which is pathokinesiology. The NUC (1989) quot;Minimum Standards ... for Training ... of Physiotherapists ... quot;simply defines patholkinesiology as the science of physiotherapy. A broader definition coins pathokinesiology as the kinesiology of the human body under pathological condition or the analytical and systematic study of human movement in disease or sequel to trauma. In other words, any abnormality of human movement is a concern for physiotherapeutic interventions. Such abnormality may be due to disease, trauma, congenital malformation or motor disorders. Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/BE8752165345 en Copyright © 2002 Matthew OB Olaogun

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:DBBC93965343 2002-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Effects of strengthening of lower limb muscle groups on some gait parameters in adult patients with stroke Olawale OA and Akinfeleye AM Full Length Research Paper Gait re-education and mobility act1 vztzes are important physiotherapy interventions for patients following stroke. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of strengthening of affected lower limb muscle groups on some gait parameters in adult patients with stroke. Twelve patients (6 men and 6 women) with stroke participated in the study. Each patient went through a six-week muscle strengthening regimenfor the affected hip jlexors, hip extensors, knee jlexors and knee extensors on a UNEX SYSTEM Illtrade; PC isokinetic machine. An assessment of muscular strength was done pre-training and post-training . In addition, an assessment of the selected gait parameters (stride length, step length, natural gait speed, maximal gait speed and cadence) was also done pre-training and post-training . Paired t-tests were used to determine whether significant differences existed between the pre-training and post-training mean values of muscular strength and the gait parameters. The mean age of the patients was 61.25 plusmn; 7.84 years, while their mean weight was 63.08plusmn; 5. 93kg. The taining regimen resulted in statistically significant improvement in the strength of the trained muscle groups and in all the selected gait parameters, except cadence (at p lt;0.05). It was concluded that the strengthening of the lower limb muscles of the affected side improves some gait parameters over tirne in patients with stroke. Key words: Stroke, hemiplegia, gait parameters, muscle strengthening, rehabilitation Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/DBBC93965343 en Copyright © 2002 Olawale OA and Akinfeleye AM

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:2BB302665341 2002-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Management of faecal incontinence by pelvic floor muscle exercise, faradic electrostimulation and behavioural training - A Case Study Sokunbi OG and Okusanya E Case Report The existing methods of faecal incontinence management have met with mixed success. Recently, there has been increased interest in pelvic floor contraction and electrostimulation of the pelvic floor muscles. Thispaper presents a case study of a 10-year old girl with a diagnosis of faecal incontinence secondary to sexual assault. Before tlze commencement of treatment, the strength of the pelvic floor muscles was assessed using a pelvic floor muscle grading system. The severity and frequency of incontinence, as well as the subjects #39;s attitude to incontinence were also assessed with the aid of a questionnaire. The assessment was followed by six weeks of physiotherapy treatment with pelvic floor muscle strengthening exercises, faradic electroshy; stimulation and behavioural training. Thefrequency of treatment was twice a week for six weeks (12 sessions). The outcome of the treatment revealed no remarkable improvement for the first and second weeks of treatment. At the third week of treatment, however, an increase in the pelvic floor muscle strength from 215 to 315 was observed, the severity of incontinence was reduced from #39;soiling the outer clothing#39; to #39;soiling the undenvear #39;. The time between meal and defecation also increased from 2 minutes to 20 minutes. By the end of the 4#39;quot; week, the frequency of incontinence was further reduced. By then, the subject no longer perceived the incontinence as a major problem but as a minor inconvenience, since she could now hold on for 60 minutes after eating before defecating. The outcome of this study has demonstrated the efficacy of pelvic floor exercises, faradic electroshy; stimulation and behavioural training as an effective method of treatment for faecal incontinence. Key words: incontinence, exercise, electroshy; scimulacion, behavioural training Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/2BB302665341 en Copyright © 2002 Sokunbi OG and Okusanya E

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:A0F3DB065339 2002-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Physiotherapy management of the sickle cell hemiplegic patient A Case Report Onigbinde AT Case Report Sickle cell anaemia patients commonly have several complications that may negatively affect their health and quality of life. Treatment of this condition usually involves different experts in the medicalfield. This case report evaluates the effect of electrical stimulation in conjunction with other physiotherapy modalities in managing spasticity secondary to cerebrovascular accident in a sickle cell anaemia patient. The findings in this case report showed that electrical stimulation did not aggravate spasticity when used in conjunction with other physiotherapy modalities. Key words: Cerebrovascular accident, spasticity, atrophy, electrical stimulation. Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/A0F3DB065339 en Copyright © 2002 Onigbinde AT

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:4BF648865337 2002-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Cardiovascular responses of paraplegic bedridden and normal subjects to head-up tilting Adegoke BOA, Ogwumike OO, and Oyewo OS Full Length Research Paper This study compared the cardiovascular parameters of paraplegic, bedridden and normal subjects aged 23-55 years during head-up tilting at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 degrees. There were 45 subjects in three groups. All subjects wereplaced on a manually operated tilt table and their heart rate- (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measured. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation as well as inferential statistics of ANOVA. Post-hoc analysis was done with the Duncan multiple range test. Results showed that the cardiovascular responses of the three groups were not significantly different at 0 and I 0 degrees of head-up tilt. However, at 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 degrees of tilt, there were significant differences in the responses of the three groups. At these angles, the mean HR for the high lesion paraplegics was significantly higher than that of the bedridden and normal subjects, while their DBP and SBP were lower. Also at these angles, the mean HR of the bedridden patients was significantly higher than that of the normal subjects while the mean diastolic and systolic blood pressures were significantly lower. It was concluded that paraplegic and bedridden patients should be gradually returned to the upright posture in order to avoid adverse cardiovascular reactions in these groups of patients. Key words: Head up tilting, cardiovascular response, paraplegic, heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/4BF648865337 en Copyright © 2002 Adegoke BOA, Ogwumike OO, and Oyewo OS

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:95847FE65335 2002-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Range of motion in selected joints of diabetic and non-diabetic subjects Sanya AO and Obi CS Full Length Research Paper Thepurpose of the study was to compare the mobility of selected joints of the limbs in diabetic and nonshy; diabetic subjects. One hundred volunteer subjects comprising 50 diabetic and 50 non-diabetic subjects participated in this study. The range of motion of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, fingers, hip and knee joints were measured. The occurrence offinger deformities was also studied. The range of motion was measured using a double-armed simple goniometer and recorded in deg rees. The outcome of this study revealed that there was a significant difference betweenjoint mobility in the diabetic and non-diabetic subjects for all the joints (p lt; 0.05), except the knee and elbow joints (p gt; 0.05). There was also a low and positive correlation between the duration of diabetes and the frequency of finger deformities. No significant difference was found between joint mobility of male and female diabetic subjects (p gt; 0.05). It was concluded that the reduced range of motion of some joints especially , the wrist and the hands, could occur as a complication from diabetes mellitus. Key words: Diabetes, joint motion. Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/95847FE65335 en Copyright © 2002 Sanya AO and Obi CS

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:C4A71E765333 2002-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2002

Participation level of Nigerian physiotherapists in clinical research Hamzat TK, Odole AC and Amusa TNT Full Length Research Paper Research is a systematic process of investigation with thepurpose of contribution to the body of knowledge that helps to shape and guide an academic and/or clinical discipline. This study ir;vestigated the participation level of selected Nigerian physioshy; therapists in clinical research. Clinicphysiotherapists from one orthopaedic, 4 teaching and 2 general hospitals in south western Nigeria participated in this study. A 21-item, structured , close-ended questionnaire was used to obtain information such as: research training and publication history; beliefs and attitudes of respondents to research. Factors hindering or facilitating their participation in research were also investigated . Data were analysed using mean and frequency percentage. Seventy-two (72%) duly completed questionshy; naires were returned . Sixty-nine (95.8%) of the respondents had research training and submitted dissertations at their undergraduate training level; 31 (43%) had never done any post-basic research work, while only 14 (19.4 %) had had one or more publications in professional journals. Lack of research funds (83. 7%), poor library facilities (65.3%), lack of necessary equipment (62.2%), time constraints (55.I %), and lack of prerequisite training to carry out research work (16.3%) were some of thefactors that hindered their participation in research. The study concluded that Nigerian physioshy; therapists appreciate the relevance of research to their clinical practice, in spite of the rather low level of participation. It was recommended that clinicians should be encouraged to undergo postgraduate training , and attend seminars and workshops to sharpen their research skills. It is also important that they are well educated about the possibilities of simple non e..q. uipment-based clinical studies. Key words: Clinical research, postgraduate training, academic physiotherapy teacher, physiotherapy clinicians. Academic Journals 2002 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/C4A71E765333 en Copyright © 2002 Hamzat TK, Odole AC and Amusa TNT

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:1F80EF765309 2005-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2005

Physiotherapy in health care delivery Mathew O B Olaogun Editorial Physical therapy (PT) in health care delivery is not confmed to rehabilitative management or treatment of musculoskeletal injuries or diseases alone. It has continued to be relevant in areas of preventive medicine and in the prevention of primary and secondary conditions that may lead to disability. Some techniques of physical therapy have also been employed as panacea to some musculoskeletal conditions that have proven resistant to other conservative forms ofmedical management, while some manual techniques have obviated temporarily the need for surgery by offering alternative conservative management. Academic Journals 2005 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/1F80EF765309 en Copyright © 2005 Mathew O B Olaogun

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:24F586365321 2005-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2005

Relevance of physiotherapy in the management of faecal incontinence Onigbinde AT, Adedoyin RA, Obembe AO, Johnson OE, Emechete AAI, Akinwande A, Aikomo T, Awotidebe T Review Pelvic floor dysfunction usually results infaecal incontinence. The dysfunctions are decreased rectal sensation, impaired anal sensation, rectal prolapse, and weakness of the pelvic muscles due to complicated birth delivery or prolonged labour. Trauma to the perineum or the sacral nerve roots is also a cause of pelvic dysfunction. The management involves medical, surgical and physiotherapy interventions. Referrals for physical therapy are however very rare, probably due to low awareness of the role of physical therapists in the management of faecal incontinence. The management includes programmes for strengthening the pelvic floor muscles using Kegel exercises and electrical muscle stimulation using faradic current. This article highlights the role of physical therapy in the management of faecal incontinence. Key words: Faecal incontinence, electrical muscle stimulation, pelvic floor muscles, exercises. Academic Journals 2005 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/24F586365321 en Copyright © 2005 Onigbinde AT, Adedoyin RA, Obembe AO, Johnson OE, Emechete AAI, Akinwande A, Aikomo T, Awotidebe T

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:93E96E765319 2005-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2005

Hamstring and quadriceps strength ratio: effect of age and gender Jaiyesimi AO and Jegede JA Full Length Research Paper This study was carried out to investigate how age and gender influence hamstring-quadriceps (knee flexor-extensor) muscle strength ratio in a Nigerian urban population. One hundred and fifty apprently healthy male and female subjects in 3 age groups (group I, 11-20 years; group II, 21-40 years and group III, 41-60 years) participated. The hamstrings and quadriceps isometric muscle strength of all the patients was measured and their ages were recorded. The hamstring-quadriceps strength ratio for each subject was also calculated. The results showed that the hamstring muscles of the subjects have a strength that is about half the strength of the ipsilateral quadricepsfemoris muscle in each of the groups. A comparison of hamstringshy; quadriceps muscle strength ratio across the age groups releaved no significant difference among both male and female subjects (pgt;0.05). No significant gender difference was found among the subjects in the age groups 11-20 years and 41-60 years (p gt;0.05) but in the age group 21-40 years the male subjects had a significantly higher Hamstringshy; Quadriceps strength ratio than their female counterparts (p lt;0.05). It was concluded that age has no effect on hamstring/quadriceps (kneeflexor! extensor) strength ratio, whether in female or male individuals, and that male and female variation is related to a sense of competitiveness, societal achievement expectation and propensity to display prowess. Key words: muscular strength, hamstring/quadriceps strength ratio, age and sex. Academic Journals 2005 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/93E96E765319 en Copyright © 2005 Jaiyesimi AO and Jegede JA

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:35ABCC465317 2005-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2005

Gender distribution of physiotherapy graduates from Nigerian Universities Odebiyi Daniel O and Adegoke BOA Full Length Research Paper Physiotherapy has been reported to be a predominantly female profession in the United Kingdom. There is a paucity of socio-demographic literature on Nigerian physiotherapists generally and the gender distribution of the practitioners in particular. The objective of this study was to document the gender distribution of physiotherapy graduates from Nigerian universities. This was a retrospective study of 1490 physiotherapy graduates from Nigerian universities from the inception of physiotherapy training in the institutions up to the end of the 200312004 session. Data were obtained from the records of the Medical Rehabilitation Therapist Board of Nigeria (MRTBN) and the records of the schools concerned. The i, student files of the graduates were reviewed to obtain details of their sex, state of origin and year of graduation. Nine hundred and twenty (62 %) of the graduates were male while 570 (38%) were female. The majority (62 %) graduated from the University of Ibadan. The results also showed that majority of the graduates hailed from the southwestern geopolitical zone of Nigeria. More men than women have graduated in physiotherapy from Nigerian universities. We also inferred that unlike in the United Kingdom and other overseas nations, the practice of physiotherapy appears to be dominated by men. Key words: physiotherapy graduates, Nigerian universities, physiotherapy training. Academic Journals 2005 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/35ABCC465317 en Copyright © 2005 Odebiyi Daniel O and Adegoke BOA

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:566CE9965315 2005-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2005

Management of uterine with electrostimulation - A Case Report Adedoyin RA, Oyelese OB, Ezeukwu V, Oyebami OM, Adeyemi AB and Akinola TO Case Report A thirty-year-old woman with a history offirst degree prolapse with cystocele and enterocele after ten days of normal delivery was referred for physiotherapy. The patient complained of general discomfort and low back pain while walking. She was treated using faradic electrical stimulation with 2000ms pulse duration and lOOOms pulse interval at an intensity of 37mA. This output was used for 20 minutes at each treatment session twice a weekfor seven weeks. The indifferent electrode was placed at the lumbosacral region with the patient in supine position. The active electrodewasplacedinfrontofthelabia majusdue to a lack of vaginal electrode, and the patient was asked to cross her legs in order to hold the electrode in place with the adductor muscles. The prolapse resolved and the low back pain disappeared after seven weeks oftreatment. Key words: electrostimulation, uterine prolapse, pelvic floor muscles, exercise. Academic Journals 2005 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/566CE9965315 en Copyright © 2005 Adedoyin RA, Oyelese OB, Ezeukwu V, Oyebami OM, Adeyemi AB and Akinola TO

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:AA1043B65313 2005-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2005

Influence of age on hamstring tightness in apparently healthy Nigerians Akinpelu AO, Bakare U and Adegoke BOA Full Length Research Paper Purpose: Hamstring tightness has been documented in apparently healthy Nigerian adults and in those with musculoskeletal problems, but the influence of age on hamstring tightness has not been studied. This study was therefore designed to determine the influence of age on hamstring tightness in apparently healthy subjects. Methods: Hamstring tightness was measured using the active knee extension test (AKET) in 240 apparently healthy male and female subjects, aged 5- 59 years. The subjects were recruited into 6 age groups using the purposive sampling technique. Hamstring tightness was compared across the age groups using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The independent t-test was used to compare hamstring tightness on both lower limbs in male and female subjects. Results: Subjects#39; mean age was 29.63 plusmn; 16.72 years. All subjects had hamstring tightness (absolute extension lag) and this increased with age up to age group 40-49 years. The male subjects had significantly higher hamstring tightness than the females in all the age groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that hamstring tightness increases in apparently healthy Nigerians from childhood up to age 40-49 years and it is higher in males than females. Key words: hamstring tightness, age, active knee extension test. Academic Journals 2005 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/AA1043B65313 en Copyright © 2005 Akinpelu AO, Bakare U and Adegoke BOA

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:29B3E9C65311 2005-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2005

Risk factors for low back pain among hospital workers in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria Sanya A. O, Omokhodion F. O, and Ogwumlke O. O. Full Length Research Paper This study investigated the risk factors for low back pain among workers in hospitals in Ibadan under the Oyo State Hospital Management Board. A crosssectional survey was carried out using a two-part questionnaire. Six hundred and seventy-five questionnaires were circulated and self administered out of which 446 were duly completed and returned, representing a response rate of 66 %. The data was analysed with the statistical analysis system (SAS) using the chi-square contingency table technique with the level of significance set at 0.05. The point prevalence oflow back pain for the hospital workers was 20.6% while the 12-month prevalence was 47.8%. Job tasks which predisposed significantly to low back pain were: lifting (P lt; 0.01), bending (P lt; 0.01), and staying in the same position for over 3 hours (P lt; 0.01). It was recommended that this group of workers should adopt good lifting techniques associated with good postural awareness in bending. Key words: low back pain, hospital workers, job tasks Academic Journals 2005 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/29B3E9C65311 en Copyright © 2005 Sanya A. O, Omokhodion F. O, and Ogwumlke O. O.

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:504F66265353 2008-12-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2008

Opinion of a section of Nigerian physiotherapists on training and utilization of middle level worker OA Obembe, AT Onigbinde, RA Adedoyin and OG Adetlinmbi Full Length Research Paper Delegation is the process of entrusting authority and responsibility to others. The support worliforce across the whole health care sector in some countries is growing in terms of number and developing in relation to its scope of activity but it appears as if Nigerian physiotherapists are divided in opinion on utilization ofmiddle level workers and there is still dearth ofempirical data to establish this. The primary aim ofthis study was to determine the opinions of physiotherapists on the utilization of physiotherapy assistants in delivering care and services. One hundred and jifty sevenphysiotherapists were surveyedfrom State and Teaching Hospitals in Nigeria using a purposive sampling technique. A structured q#39;uestionnaire was used to obtain demographic data, views and opinions about the training of physiotherapy assistants. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result showed that 71.8% of the respondents supported the usage of physiotherapy assistants as middle level workers. Also, 65.3% of the respondents supported the training of physiotherapy assistants. Furthermore, this study found that 87.3% ofthe respondents are aware that physiotherapists may delegate part oftheir duties to physiotherapy assistants. This study concluded that majority of the Nigeria physiotherapists surveyed in this study supported the usage and training of physiotherapy. Keywords: Delegation, Physiotherapy Assistants, Middle level workers, Training. Academic Journals 2008 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/504F66265353 en Copyright © 2008 OA Obembe, AT Onigbinde, RA Adedoyin and OG Adetlinmbi

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:FF52EBA65347 2008-12-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2008

Assessment of back extensor muscles endurance of apparently healthy Nigerian adults O Ayanniyi, CE Mbada and RA Adedoyin Full Length Research Paper Studies on gender differences in back extensors muscles endurance has been inconsistent and inconclusive. The objective ofthis study was to evaluate gender differences in timed isometric back extensor muscles endurance among apparently healthy adult Nigerians. 376 apparently healthy consecutive adults whose ages ranged between 21 to 62 years with the mean aged 38.9 plusmn; 13.5 years participated in this study. This consisted of193 males (38.9 plusmn; 13.9 years) and 183 age-matched (38.9 plusmn; lO. 6 years) females. The participants performed the BieringSerenson test of Static Muscular Endurance and their height and weight were measured using standard procedures. Percentage body fat was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Body mass index, lean body mass and bodyfat mass were calculated. The result indicated that males exhibited a significantly greater endurance time (t = 2.48; P = 0.014) than females. The mean endurance times of the males and females in this study were lower than the original Biering-Sorensen values. There was significant correlation between endurance Clrne UTIli e;u\;!l OJ asquot;quot; ~lt;nd the measures ofadiposity without gender bias. Apparently healthy adult Nigerian males have sign~ficantly greater timed back extensor muscles#39;endurance than thefemales. Key words: Gender, back extensor muscles, endurance, Sorenson test, Nigerian adults. Academic Journals 2008 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/FF52EBA65347 en Copyright © 2008 O Ayanniyi, CE Mbada and RA Adedoyin

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:79911F365349 2008-12-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2008

Assessment of patients satisfaction with physiotherapy care T. O. Olatunji, M. O. Ogunlana, M. A Bello, and S. O. Omobaanu, Full Length Research Paper Patients#39; satisfaction has not been closely monitored in Physiotherapy and limited studies exist in this area ofallied health services. This study focused on patients#39; satisfaction with Physiotherapy services in the Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria (FMCA). A self administered questionnaire in English and Yoruba versions, was distributed to 51 respondents (Patients and Patients#39; proxies) who had received Physiotherapy care at the Physiotherapy outpatient department of the FMCA. Respondents#39; consent was sought. Questionnaire distribution and collection was done by a health record clerk of the FMCA. Respondents revealed that they were largely satisfied with; the amount of privacy they received during Physiotherapy treatment. The respondents were equally satisfied with Physiotherapists#39; character, the pieces of advise given to them on their health, overall care, interest shown, explanation oftreatments, willingness to listen, explanation ofproblem, answers given, physiotherapists#39; skill and ability, courtesy and respect. The participants were however not satisfied with the small amount time spent with them and the cost of treatmentpersession. Thestudyconcludedthat the participants were well satisfied with the physiotherapy care but the cost may be a barrier for benefiting from physiotherapy intervention. Keywords: Assessment, Satisfaction, Physiotherapy, Patients. Academic Journals 2008 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/79911F365349 en Copyright © 2008 T. O. Olatunji, M. O. Ogunlana, M. A Bello, and S. O. Omobaanu,

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:9F29E5665351 2008-12-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2008

Rehabilitation care outcome of lower limb fractures in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital-A retrospective study O Akande and OA Olakulehin Full Length Research Paper Fracture is a common cause ofinjuries to lower extremities. It is clinically assumed that younger and male patients have better outcome following acute care rehabilitation of lower limb fractures. This study was therefore carried out to investigate pattern and outcome oj acute care rehabilitation of lower limb fractures. All cases of unilateral lower limb fractures referred for physiotherapy at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria between November, 2001 and OCtober 2006 were reviewed. Information on personal and clinical characteristics relating to acute care rehabilitation was retrieved from their case files. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A total of 197 patients of male to female ratio 2.3:1 with mean age 38.7plusmn; 17. 77years were reviewed. Majority (48.2%) were aged 20-39 years. Majority ofthe patients (74.6%) under review were involved in road traffic accident with a half of them (51. 3%) sustaining fracture of femur. A large proportion of patients (47. 7%) under review were managed non operatively. More than half of these patients (67.8%) completed their ambulation training with axillary crutches within three physiotherapy sessions with 148(75.1 %) patients discharged satisfactorily with either axillary crutches or walking frame. Outcome of ambulation training was found to be associated with age (p=0.03) but was neither associated with gender (p=0.12) nor methods of reduction offractures (p=0.3l). Age is a significant determinant of outcome of rehabilitation of fractures of lower extremities. In other words, the younger a patient with lower limb fracture is, the better the outcome of acute care rehabilitation. Key words: Lower limb fractures, rehabilitation outcome Academic Journals 2008 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/9F29E5665351 en Copyright © 2008 O Akande and OA Olakulehin

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:5BDF07265355 2008-12-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2008

Shortwave diathermy in the management of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease pain: case reports Lamina S and Hanif S Full Length Research Paper The purpose of this case study was to determine the therapeutic effect of Short Wave Diathermy (SWD) in the symptomatic management of chronic Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) pain. Three cases of chronic PID were referred from the Obstetric and Gyneocology department of Murtala Muhammed Specialist Hospital (MMSH) and a Private Gyneocology Hospital in Kano, Nigeria, for Physiotherapy. SWD was administered to 2 of the patients using the cross-fire technique for an average of 15 exposures for 30 minutes on alternate days, while the third patient did not received SWD, but was on antibiotics and analgesic. The study lasted for one month. Two patients that received SWD had their pain reduced from an average of6.5 to zero on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and still remain at zero without any medication at 4 months follow up assessment. The third patients who received no SWD had her pain reduced from 6 to 4 and on follow up, slightly reduced to 3 while still on medications. It was concluded that SWD is effective in the symptomatic management of chronic pain in PID. Keywords: Chronic Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Short Wave Diathermy, Pain. Academic Journals 2008 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/5BDF07265355 en Copyright © 2008 Lamina S and Hanif S

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:211916065357 2008-12-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2008

Physiotherapy in primary health care: are we ready? LO Ganiyu Full Length Research Paper Given the growing interest of the Nigerian physiotherapists in primary care, it is important to understand the general concept of this health care delivery system and the responsibilities associated with being a primary care provider. Physicians are historically trained to shoulder the responsibilities of a primary care provider. Other professionals are also redesigning their curriculum in order to be able to provide primary care within other health care professions such as physiotherapy and nursing due to large number of patients the physicians have to attend to. The evolving primary care practice in physiotherapy is a direct function of the first-contact / direct-access privilege in physiotherapy. This paper describes the concept of primary care and the role of physiotherapists within this practice environment. Keywords: Physiotherapy, Primary Care, direct access, triage, medical screening, imaging, pharmacology. Academic Journals 2008 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/211916065357 en Copyright © 2008 LO Ganiyu

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:516DE7865375 2009-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2009

Relative effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and hot packs in the management of hemiplegic shoulder pain AI Bello and MY Amedzo Full Length Research Paper Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and hot packs (HP) are among the common modalities used in the management of hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP). The choice of either of the modalities is dependent on personal discretion rather than on proven relative effectiveness. This study examined the relative effectiveness of TENS and hot both groups. However, there was equal statistically significant improvement (P0.05) and MCID in shoulder functions for both interventions. It was concluded that both modalities modulated HSP in stroke survivors within six weeks of treatment without either being superior to the other. Thus either could be used to augment other forms of intervention. packs in the management of HSP in stroke patients. Nineteen stroke patients with shoulder pain were randomized into two intervention groups. Both groups were treated with massage, passive and active mobilization of the shoulder joint twice a week with at least 24 hours interval for 6 consecutive weeks. In addition, each participant also received either TENS or hot packs for 30 minutes as adjuncts. Pain intensity and shoulder functional status were assessed on the Brief Pain Inventory Short Form Question-12 (BPI SF-12) and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) at baseline and fortnightly by a blinded investigator. Data analysis included Friedmanrsquo;s mean rank and Mann-Whitney U tests for differences in the variables within and between groups respectively. Plt;0.05 (two-tailed) was considered statistically significant. The study neither showed statistically significant (Pgt;0.05) reduction in pain nor did it meet the set minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for Key words: Hemiplegic shoulder pain, relative effectiveness, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, hot pack Academic Journals 2009 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/516DE7865375 en Copyright © 2009 AI Bello and MY Amedzo

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:3DC94AB65377 2009-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2009

Relationship between functional abilities confidence level and performance of motor function after stroke TK Hamzat, O Agbomeji, GO Peters Full Length Research Paper This study investigated the relationship between motor function and functional abilities confidence level among community-dwelling stroke survivors. Fifty patients (mean age 54.84plusmn;10.68 years) who suffered first incidence hemispheric cerebrovascular accident and were undergoing physiotherapy on outpatient basis at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. a tertiary health institution in Nigeria, took part in the study. The mean onset of stroke was 15 months (60.30plusmn;39.80 weeks). Assessment of motor function and functional abilities confidence level were carried out once with the Modified Motor Assessment Scale (MMAS) and Functional Ability Confidence Scale (FCAS) respectively. The Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient was used to analyse the relationship between motor function and functional abilities confidence level at 0.05 alpha. The result of the analysis showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between the motor function and functional abilities confidence level (rho= 0.57; p = 0.05). The outcome of this study revealed a linear and statistically significant relationship between motor function and functional ability confidence. It is probable that clinical assessment of confidence levels of stroke survivors could provide an insight into factors that affect recovery, other than the pathological sequelae of stroke, and subsequently, the necessary interventions. Key words: functional abilities confidence level, motor function, stroke. Academic Journals 2009 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/3DC94AB65377 en Copyright © 2009 TK Hamzat, O Agbomeji, GO Peters

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:974BC3065379 2009-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2009

Effects of continuous exercise training on white blood cell count in men with essential hypertension S Lamina, CG Okoye Full Length Research Paper White blood cell (WBC) count is considered a biomarker of the inflammatory processes that result from vascular injury that actively contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases, precisely hypertension. The positive role of exercise in the management of hypertension has long been established. However, the relationship between WBC count and hypertensive management, particularly in a non pharmacological technique seems ambiguous and unclear. The main purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of a continuous training programme on WBC count in male African subjects with essential hypertension. Two hundred and seventeen male patients with mild to moderate systolic blood pressure [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP] essential hypertension were age matched and grouped into experimental and control groups. The experimental group took part in an 8 week interval training (35-59% HR max reserve) programme of between 45 minutes to 60 minutes, while the control hypertensive group did not receive any exercise training during this period. Cardiovascular parameters (SBP, DBP amp; VO2max) and WBC count were assessed. A studentsrsquo; t-test and Pearson correlation tests were used in data analysis. The findings revealed a significant decrease in WBC count, VO2 max, SBP, and DBP after a continuous training programme. Also the WBC count was inversely related to VO2max. The study concluded that a continuous training programme could be included in the management of hypertension and that the therapeutic effect of continuous exercise may be mediated through the suppression of inflammatory (WBC count) reaction. Key words: Hypertension, exercise, inflammation, white blood cell, Black Africa Academic Journals 2009 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/974BC3065379 en Copyright © 2009 S Lamina, CG Okoye

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:21BEB8965381 2009-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2009

Patterns in Nigerian physiotherapy and rehabilitation journals: are Nigerian physiotherapists publishing? TK Hamzat and MB Fatudimu Full Length Research Paper In order for any clinical science based profession to advance, there is need to update its knowledge base through research. The results of such research endeavours are usually disseminated through publications in scientific journals. The authorship pattern in two Nigerian physiotherapy and rehabilitation journals was studied. The aim was to establish the involvement of Nigerian physiotherapists in research and publishing by investigating the cadre of physiotherapists carrying out research activities and disseminating the results by publishing in physiotherapy professional journals in Nigeria. The level of collaborative research activity among cadres of physiotherapists and between them and other health care professionals was also investigated. The journals of the Medical Rehabilitation Therapist Board (JMRT) and the Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy (JNSP) published over a 17-year period (1991-2007) were reviewed. The publications were categorized according to the cadre (job description) of the physiotherapists and the type of articles published in each journal. A total of 167 articles were reviewed in JMRT and 64 articles in JNSP. Out of these, 123(73.7%) and 47(73.4%) were published by physiotherapists in JMRT and JNSP respectively. A large percentage of the physiotherapists were in academics ndash; JMRT (46.1%) and JNSP (45.3%). A few of the articles were jointly published by clinical physiotherapists and academic physiotherapists (11.4% in JMRT amp; 14.1% in JNSP), while 8.3% in JMRT and 9.4% in JNSP were jointly published by physiotherapists and non physiotherapists. More of the articles published in JMRT (66.5%) were original research articles compared to JNSP (45.3%). The percentage of miscellaneous articles in JNSP (26.6%) was more than that found in JMRT (10.8%). The study concluded that academic physiotherapists published more papers than their colleagues in the clinic, and that few intercadre and interdisciplinary articles were published in both journals. In addition there was a higher percentage of original articles in JMRT than in JNSP. Key words: Analysis, research publications, Nigerian physical therapy journals Academic Journals 2009 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/21BEB8965381 en Copyright © 2009 TK Hamzat and MB Fatudimu

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:521AF3A65383 2009-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2009

Where is the Evidence? Rufus A Adedoyin Editorial In the past, many professionals practiced without evidence. Practice was based mainly on a loose body of knowledge. Some of the knowledge was simply lore that drew upon the experiences of generations of practitioners, and much of it had no truly scientific evidence on which to justify various practices. Academic Journals 2009 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/521AF3A65383 en Copyright © 2009 Rufus A Adedoyin

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:1E3E14F65399 2009-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2009

Comparison of patients’ satisfaction with physio- therapy care in private and public hospitals DO Odebiyi, CB Aiyejusunle, TS Ojo, BA Tella Full Length Research Paper Patient satisfaction is an important measure of quality of care. This study compares the level of satisfaction in patients who receive physiotherapy care in private and public hospitals. The subjects (N=639) were patients who received physiotherapy care as outpatients in four (4) private and three (3) public hospitals, and who completed a 63-item closed-ended structured questionnaire titled, Modified Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire for Physiotherapy (PSQ- MP). The questionnaire was divided into two sections. Section A elicited information on socio- demographic data and section B consisted of sub- scales that assessed aspects of satisfaction, including appointment scheduling, accessibility to the physiotherapy department, the conduct of the physiotherapists, facilities, clinical expertise and general satisfaction. Overall, subjects were satisfied with care received in both public and private hospitals though subjects in the private hospitals expressed more satisfaction in all the sub-scales of the PSQ-MP than their counterparts in the public hospitals, particularly in the lsquo;facilitiesrsquo; and lsquo;appointmentrsquo; subscale of the PSQ-MP. In all, subjects who received physiotherapy in private hospitals were more satisfied than those who received physiotherapy in public hospitals. The subjects in public hospitals were particularly least satisfied with the lsquo;available physiotherapy facilitiesrsquo; and lsquo;appointment schedulesrsquo;. Government should therefore provide adequate facilities in the physiotherapy departments of public hospitals in order to manage the large volume of patients seen. Key words: physiotherapy, patient satisfaction, private and public hospitals Academic Journals 2009 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/1E3E14F65399 en Copyright © 2009 DO Odebiyi, CB Aiyejusunle, TS Ojo, BA Tella

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:6E1D7DD65401 2009-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2009

Fifty years of physiotherapy in Nigeria: trends, perspectives and future direction A Oyeyemi Full Length Research Paper Knowledge of the determinants and evolution of quality in health practice and training enriches our understanding and interpretation of the current trends and also deepens our perspective on the future direction of the physiotherapy profession and training. This article describes the emergence of the dominant model of physiotherapy practice and training. The paper discusses historical trends in the perception of medical practice and professional training and relates this to the contemporary trends and the future direction of physiotherapy in Nigeria. It articulates a path of growth to maturation of the physiotherapy profession in Nigeria that would lie in maximizing and leveraging the capabilities of the Nigerian professional organization, provide an enhanced basic, preferably doctorate level professional education, and opportunities for specialization. Key words: physiotherapy, Nigeria Academic Journals 2009 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/6E1D7DD65401 en Copyright © 2009 A Oyeyemi

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:4F6795D65403 2009-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2009

Physiotherapy management of sub-acute post- partum diastasis of pubic symphysis: a case report UAC Okafor and TF Sokunbi Full Length Research Paper A thirty-five year old woman who complained of excruciating pain in the pelvis, the right hip and the lower back region, associated with inability to stand or walk without extreme discomfort, was referred to the in-patient physiotherapy department of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. A working clinical and radiological diagnosis of post-partum pubic diastasis was made by the referring physician. She had had a safe vaginal delivery of a 4.3kg female child about six weeks earlier. Though her two previous deliveries were by caesarian section, she had refused surgery this time and opted for a vaginal delivery. Before presentation, the patient had been placed on bed rest for 5 weeks with no physiotherapy intervention at the referring hospital and without any significant improvement in her pain and disability profiles. Subsequent management with conservative physiotherapy, using pain modulating treatment combined with bed rest for 4 weeks, resulted in very significant improvement in pain, mobility, and gait. Key words: symphysis pubis, diastasis, physiotherapy. Academic Journals 2009 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/4F6795D65403 en Copyright © 2009 UAC Okafor and TF Sokunbi

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:54EA9AB65205 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Relationship between parental socioeconomic status and cardiovascular parameters of primary school pupils in Ile-Ife, Nigeria GA ADEDEJI MO EGWU RA ADEDOYIN and OB OYELESE Full Length Research Paper Socioeconomic status has been reported to affect the blood pressure of adults in Nigeria. However, it is yet to be confirmed if it also affects the blood pressure of Nigerian children. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of parental socioeconomic status on the cardiovascular parameters of primary school pupils in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The weight, height, abdominal circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate of 1026 primary school pupils in Ile-Ife, Nigeria were measured. The body mass index, rate pressure product and ponderosity index were later calculated. An adapted structured questionnaire which assessed the socioeconomic status of the subjectsrsquo; parents was administered. The ages of the subjects ranged between 6 and 14 years. The subjects were subsequently classified into three socioeconomic groups (low, middle and upper). The results showed no significant relationship between parental socioeconomic status and systolic blood pressure (r = -0.025, p lt; 0.05), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.032, p lt; 0.05) and heart rate (r =0.018, p lt; 0.05). The 95 percentile th blood pressure was found to be 130/91 mmHg. It was concluded that parental socioeconomic status has no significant effect on the cardiovascular parameters (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, rate pressure product and pulse pressure) of primary school pupils in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Key words: Parental socioeconomic status, cardiovascular parameters, school pupils, blood pressure Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/54EA9AB65205 en Copyright © 2011 GA ADEDEJI MO EGWU RA ADEDOYIN and OB OYELESE

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:BB31E1965225 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Our American Journey: Challenges, threats and opportunities BALOGUN JA Perspective As someone who was not born in this country (United States of America), I feel comfortable discussing this topic from a vantage position as a naturalized citizen of the United States who arrived here at the age of 25. The first general rule of any presentation is to know the composition of your audience. Let us do a check. I am assuming that a majority of the individuals in this hall are Nigerians like me with a physical therapy degree. Lets show by raising of the hand, how many people in the hall meet these criteria? During this presentation, I will share with you my American voyage; review the contributions of Nigerians to the economic development of America; discuss the challenges facing immigrants in America; assess the motivation for coming to America; and discuss how you can contribute to the development of physical therapy education in Nigeria. I will conclude by discussing the seven basic tenets of having a rewarding professional life. * Keynote address presented at the Obafemi Awolowo University Physical Therapy Alumni Conference held at Embassy Suite Hotel, Parsippany, New Jersey on June 25, 2010. Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/BB31E1965225 en Copyright © 2011 BALOGUN JA

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:FD1506865223 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Utilizing research findings in physiotherapy: A call for gap bridging BELLO AI Opinion The relevance of research in clinical sciences is anchored on the notion to improve practice through the implementation of outcomes. However, realization of this goal remains a mirage because the purposes for which research and publication are meant have not been fully met as a result of failure to apply the results in most clinical settings. The increase in the research-practice gap calls for scrutiny with a view to suggesting a better way by which documentation from research works can be utilized effectively in physiotherapy practice. Furthermore as the clamour for evidence-based health care delivery intensifies, there is a need to review the impact of research with regard to physiotherapy practice especially in developing countries where the demands for rehabilitation services have fallen short of supply. The main focus of this paper is to appraise the need for research and the difficulties encountered in its implementation as well as to scrutinize the dichotomy between the drive for research and the utilization of its findings. Key words: Research findings, clinical practice, gap bridging Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/FD1506865223 en Copyright © 2011 BELLO AI

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:0AA592B65221 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Ethics and contextual framework for professional behaviour and code of practice for physiotherapists in Nigeria OYEYEMI O. Opinion Physiotherapists make decisions that involve ethical judgment in the course of practice and are guided by a code of professional behaviour. The purpose of this review is to elucidate decision-making in physiotherapy practice, highlight the dynamic nature of ethics, and discuss some professional behaviour expectations within the context of the Nigerian society. This paper presents the multidimensional context of ethical questions, and the philosophical and social scientific approaches to ethical decision-making. It highlights the historical evolution of ethics to a synthesis from human values, principles and empiricism, and the code of practice as a dynamic document for professional behaviour, and also offers insights into professional behaviour within the Nigerian national context. It recommends the presentation of core values in the context of national goals and societal priorities in order to give meaningful expression to professional behaviour and as a way to encourage members to strive for ideal behaviour to advance their profession, while also improving their society. Key words: Physiotherapists, behaviour, ethics, values, programmes Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/0AA592B65221 en Copyright © 2011 OYEYEMI O.

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:4B6FF7565219 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Economic Burden of Low Back Pain on Patients Seen at the Outpatient Physiotherapy Clinics of Secondary and Tertiary Health Institutions in Ibadan ODOLE AC AKINPELU AA ADEKANLA BA and OBISANYA OB Full Length Research Paper A limited amount of data exists on the burden of low back pain (LBP) in developing countries. This study was therefore carried out to determine the economic burden of LBP on patients seen in out-patient physiotherapy clinics of secondary and tertiary health institutions in Ibadan. Forty (25 males, 15 females) individuals with LBP receiving physiotherapy in secondary and tertiary health institutions in Ibadan participated in this cross sectional study. Data on the economic burden of LBP and socio-demographic information of participants were collected using a self-developed questionnaire. Participantsrsquo; disability was assessed using the Rolland Morris Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics of proportions, mean and standard deviations, inferential statistics of Chi-square and an independent t-test. Level of significance was set at 0.05. The overall estimated annual economic costs (direct cost ndash; 114,666.25plusmn;74230.53 naira; indirect cost 24,495.00plusmn;16,837.13 naira) of LBP were averaged at 139,156.25plusmn;77091.16 naira. The average loss of work hours per hospital visit was estimated at 10.25plusmn; 6.75 hours per month. There was no significant difference between the economic costs of male and female patients with LBP (p=0.598). There was a significant association (p=0.04) between economic cost of care and disability. It was concluded that the direct cost of care accounted for majority of the money spent by patients with LBP receiving physiotherapy. Cost of care in LBP increases with disability. Key words: Low back pain, economic costs, health institutions, disability Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/4B6FF7565219 en Copyright © 2011 ODOLE AC AKINPELU AA ADEKANLA BA and OBISANYA OB

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:478310E65216 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Evolving opportunities for people living with a disability and the need to prepare physiotherapists for community-based rehabilitation HAMZA AM NABILLA AS LOH SY and MISAU YA Full Length Research Paper This paper discusses the relevant issues regarding the role of physical therapists in a community-based rehabilitation (CBR) model that seeks to improve the quality of life of persons with disabilities and their families by meeting their basic needs. CBR focuses on the needs of the individual and the wider population, and extends beyond purely medical interpretation. The traditional institutional-based medical model approach to rehabilitation mdash;which is frequently driven by health care professionals rather than the needs of people with disabilities, their care givers and communitiesmdash; is often inappropriate, inefficient. Moreover, recognizing the global significant shortfalls in the number of physiotherapists available to provide services, coupled with the increasing global economic constraints, there is an urgent need to develop innovative ways to utilize physiotherapists in the community. In addition to the need for reorganization and reconceptualization of the philosophies underpinning therapy, preparing physiotherapists to change practice from traditional institutional services to community services requires a major change in attitude to both service delivery models and to their roles as therapists under these different models, especially in developing countries. Key words: Physiotherapy, disability, people living with disabilities, community-based rehabilitation (CBR) Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/478310E65216 en Copyright © 2011 HAMZA AM NABILLA AS LOH SY and MISAU YA

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:6E55C2565213 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Relationship among three field methods of estimating percent body fat in young adults AKINPELU AO GBIRI CA BANKS YO and OYEYEMI AL Full Length Research Paper A certain amount of fat is essential for normal body functioning and subcutaneous fat is usually considered to represent a good estimate of total body fat. It is uncertain, however, whether the different field methods of estimating percent body fat will give similar values, considering the variations in the methods used in the assessment. This study sought to determine the relationships among percent body fat value estimates obtained using skinfold thickness (ST), body circumference (BC), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).This cross-sectional survey involved purposefully selected participants from the University College Hospital, Ibadan community. Skinfold thickness, body circumference and bioelectrical impedance analysis were measured according to the International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment protocol. These were then used to estimate percent body fat. The relationship among the different percent body values were sought using Pearson correlation coefficients. The participants included 75 males and 93 females with a mean age of 25.5plusmn;5.0 years. Using the BMI classification of body weight, 50% had desirable weight, 23.8% were underweight, 15.6% were overweight, and 10.7% were obese. The mean percent body fat scores obtained from ST, BC and BIA were 19.8plusmn;6.3%, 18.5plusmn;7.1% and 18.4plusmn;8.0% respectively. Females had significantly higher percent body fat in all the estimates than their male counterparts. There were significant correlations between percent body fat obtained using ST and BIA (r = 0.86, plt;0.05), BC and ST (r = 0.90, plt;0.05), and BIA and BC (r = 0.74, plt;0.05). Positive and significant correlations exist among percent body fat obtained using the skinfold thickness, body circumference and bioelectrical impedance analysis methods. Therefore, all these methods are acceptable for clinical estimation of percent body fat. This study shows that the estimation of percent body fat can be done using both sophisticated and simple instruments. Key words: Body mass index, skinfold thickness, body circumference, bioelectrical impedance analysis Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/6E55C2565213 en Copyright © 2011 AKINPELU AO GBIRI CA BANKS YO and OYEYEMI AL

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:A6448BA65210 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique on the functional ambulation of stroke survivors AKOSILE CO ADEGOKE BOA JOHNSON OE and MARUF FA Full Length Research Paper This study investigated the effect of an 8-week proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) treatment programme on the functional ambulation of post-stroke individuals measured with the Emory Functional Ambulation Profile (EFAP) - a timed-test instrument comprising 5 subtasks. Seventeen male and female post-stroke individuals (mean age 56.73+8.79 years) were recruited into the study and treated with a PNF protocol twice weekly for 8 weeks. Performance on individual subtasks of the EFAP were measured and recorded for each participant before and at the end of the study. Only the data for 15 participants was available at the post-test for analysis. EFAP subtasks completion times were significantly reduced for all subtasks at the post-test and total EFAP score (plt;0.05). PNF technique led to improvement in the functional ambulation of poststroke individuals. PNF is recommended as an effective treatment for functional ambulatory gains in stroke rehabilitation. Key words: Stroke, ambulation, movement, Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/A6448BA65210 en Copyright © 2011 AKOSILE CO ADEGOKE BOA JOHNSON OE and MARUF FA

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:7564A7065207 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Relationship between pain intensity, activity limitation, static and dynamic back muscles endurance in patients with non-specific long-term low-back pain MBADA CE AYANNIYI O and OGUNLADE SO Full Length Research Paper Research on the correlation of trunk musclesrsquo; endurance with other outcome measures in patients with long-term low-back pain (LBP) is scarce. This study assessed the relationship between pain intensity, activity limitation, and static and dynamic back extensors endurance in patients with non-specific long-term LBP. Sixty-seven patients screened using the McKenzie Institutersquo;s Lumbar Spine Assessment Format participated in this study. Quadruple visual analog scale and the Roland-Morris disability questionnaire were used to assess pain and activity limitation respectively. Modified Biering-Soslash;rensen test of muscular endurance and repetitive arch-up test were used to assess static endurance (SE) and dynamic endurance (SE) respectively. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, range, Pearsonrsquo;s product moment correlation and stepwise regression at 0.05 Alpha level. Mean present pain, Roland-Morris score (RMS), SE and DE were 6.55 plusmn; 1.75, 9.22 plusmn; 0.75, 37.64 plusmn;14.0 secs and 11.43 plusmn; 3.03 repetitions respectively. Significant correlation was found between present pain and each of SE (r=-0.306; p=0.012) and RMS (r--0.862; p=0.001). SE and DE showed a direct moderate significant correlation with each other (r=0.519; p=0.001). Regression analysis showed that age (p=0.012) and sex (p=0.051) were significantly related to SE, age was significantly related to DE (p=0.003) while pain intensity was significantly related to RMS (p=0.001). It is concluded that increase in pain intensity is associated with decreased static back extensors endurance and activity limitation. Static and dynamic back endurance was significantly positively correlated while age was a significant predictor of static and dynamic endurance. It is recommended that management focus of non-specific long-term LBP should address deficit in static and dynamic back muscles endurance beside pain and activity limitations. Key words: Activity limitation, back muscles endurance, low-back pain, participation restriction Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/7564A7065207 en Copyright © 2011 MBADA CE AYANNIYI O and OGUNLADE SO

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:E99A8DD65203 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Perceptual Learning Exercises: An adjunct to balance exercises for normal healthy geriatric population A KUMAR and J KAUR Full Length Research Paper In older adults, falls commonly lead to injury, loss of independence, associated illness, and early death. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of perceptual learning exercises on static balance in a normal healthy geriatric population. A total of 28 healthy elderly subjects (19 female and 9 male) participated in this randomized two-group parallel controlled trial. The whole population was divided into control (group A) and experimental (group B) using the convenience sampling method. Static balance in terms of postural sway of all subjects was measured with the help of a trivially-made swaymeter, before and after the treatment protocol. The experimental group received perceptual learning exercises, i.e. hardness discrimination task, using three different levels of hardness of rubber sponges for 10 days while the control group received conventional physiotherapy exercises for postural control such as maintenance of standing balance with forward and backward perturbations, shifting of weight load from one foot to the other on the health metre, and tandem walking. The multivariable lsquo;trsquo; test (dependent and independent) showed that the group that received the hardness discrimination tasks showed a remarkable decrease in postural sway, meaning intervals. The results of the analyses revealed a significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment anteroposterior and mediolateral sway (Plt;0.05) in the experimental group. However, no significant difference was recorded between pre-treatment and post treatment anteroposterior and mediolateral sway (Pgt;0.05) in the control group. Key words: Perceptual learning exercises, balance exercises, geriatric Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/E99A8DD65203 en Copyright © 2011 A KUMAR and J KAUR

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:F3A45DE65227 2011-12-28T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2011

Our Chance, Our Choice, Our Legacy OYEYEMI A. Perspective Everyone present is a witness to an event not merely born out of nostalgic yearnings to rendezvous with colleagues and friends after years of hard work and sojourn in the US, but rather, a gathering of professionals, bonded by a shared national and philosophical identity. It was born out of our resolve to look back and discuss our past, present and the future as it relates to our origin. My address will therefore elaborate on our shared philosophical identity, elucidate on how our training in Ife influenced us, and how this in turn places us in a unique position to assist our alma mater and Nigeria. * Keynote address delivered at the inauguration of Ife Physiotherapy Alumni in North America, Detroit, Michigan, June 27, 2009. Academic Journals 2011 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/F3A45DE65227 en Copyright © 2011 OYEYEMI A.

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:98AC81665458 2020-11-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2020

Reach and effect of a virtual campaign for promoting physical activity during the covid19-era Similoluwa ODETOLA, Omoniyi OJO, Omobola AKINOLA, Chinwendu NWADIBIA, Martins OLOYEDE, Oluwagbemiga OKUNADE and Echezona Nelson Dominic EKECHUKWU, Full Length Research Paper Measures put in place to curb the spread of the coronavirus have inadvertently fostered a reduction in physical activity. This study reports a virtual campaign designed to promote the health and physical activity level of individuals and increase awareness on practices to curb the spread of Coronavirus. The campaign enlisted a total of 141 volunteers recruited via a public call for volunteers to share promotional e-posters through their social media platforms for eight days; Each day focused on a different theme such as setting up an ergonomic home office, proper posture and home workout sessions across age groups. The reach was measured in terms of total engagement with 130 posts on 5 social media platforms. Total engagement defined as all interactions with the content was 15,889. WhatsApp recorded the highest engagement (86.3%), while engagement from Facebook (0.04%) was the lowest. The peculiarity of the online platforms ensures content can still be viewed irrespective of when posted, therefore the reach of the campaign can increase over time without promotional efforts. Key words: Covid-19, health promotion, social media, virtual campaign. Academic Journals 2020 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/98AC81665458 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2020.0002 en Copyright © 2020 Similoluwa ODETOLA, Omoniyi OJO, Omobola AKINOLA, Chinwendu NWADIBIA, Martins OLOYEDE, Oluwagbemiga OKUNADE and Echezona Nelson Dominic EKECHUKWU,

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:1C2524165496 2020-11-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2020

Prevalence, correlates and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders among Nigerian physiotherapy and architecture undergraduates Ekechukwu E.N.D.,, Aguwa E. N., Okeke T. A., Iroezindu I. C., Onyia S.U., Abaraogu D. O., Ekwo A. C., Ohiagu C., Ekechukwu N. I., Mgbeojedo U. G., Ekediegwu E. C., Uduonu E. M., Ezema C. I. and Utti V. A. Full Length Research Paper Physiotherapy students are vulnerable to sustaining Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) due to manual handling activities. Also, Architecture students who frequently adopt awkward postures while using the drawing board may equally be exposed to some risks of MSD. The degree of MSDs and their precipitating factors among these cohorts have not been empirically compared. This study therefore assessed and compared the prevalence of MSD, its correlates and risk factors among undergraduates in a Nigerian University. This was a cross-sectional study of 200 undergraduates from Architecture and Physiotherapy departments. Musculoskeletal Disorders, General Health (GH), Perceived Stress (PSS) and Emotional intelligence (EI) were assessed using standard scales. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, Spearman rank correlation and binomial logistic regression at alpha; = 0.05. The total prevalence of MSD was 77% (78 and 76% for Architecture and Physiotherapy students respectively). There was a significant association between Knee MSD and department of study (X2 = 5.604, p = 0.018). There was a significant correlation between Neck MSD and duration on the drawing board (r = -0.244, p = 0.043). MSD was significantly predicted by each of the length of sleep (OR = 0.128; p = 0.034), weight (OR = 1.471; p = 0.036), height (OR = 19.510, 0.037), BMI (OR = 12.547, p = 0.037), EI- self management (OR = 5.136; p = 0.032) and EI- social awareness (OR = 5.918; p = 0.015). Conclusively, there is a high prevalence of MSDs among undergraduate Physiotherapy and Architecture students. Length of sleep, emotional intelligence, weight and height are important predictors of MSD in this population. Key words: General health, perceived stress, emotional intelligence, anthropometry. Academic Journals 2020 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/1C2524165496 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2020.0001 en Copyright © 2020 Ekechukwu E.N.D.,, Aguwa E. N., Okeke T. A., Iroezindu I. C., Onyia S.U., Abaraogu D. O., Ekwo A. C., Ohiagu C., Ekechukwu N. I., Mgbeojedo U. G., Ekediegwu E. C., Uduonu E. M., Ezema C. I. and Utti V. A.

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:E97CA5E65498 2020-11-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2020

The path to our destiny: The transitioning of physiotherapy in Nigeria from occupation to a true profession Joseph A. Balogun Full Length Research Paper The themes of the 55th annual conference of the Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy are ldquo;Advancing Physiotherapy in Nigeria: The Next Steprdquo;, ldquo;Physiotherapy in Preventive Healthcare: Challenges and the Way Forward.rdquo; I have been asked to tailor my keynote speech to address both themes of the conference. The Biblical metaphor of the Promise Land was utilized as the centerpiece of this presentation. I submit that our journey to the Promise Land will be reached when physiotherapy in Nigeria becomes a ldquo;doctoringrdquo; profession, and physiotherapists are widely respected and legislatively authorized to provide direct access in the prevention and treatment of individuals with functional impairments, and also recognized as experts for promoting the physical health and well-being of asymptomatic individuals. This presentation proffered a roadmap that will lead the profession of physiotherapy in Nigeria to a true professional status. Key words: Roadmap, professionalization, physiotherapy, occupation, semi-profession, true-profession, Nigeria. Academic Journals 2020 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/E97CA5E65498 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2020.0004 en Copyright © 2020 Joseph A. Balogun

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:4E754E765558 2020-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2020

Health policy development and implementation in Nigeria: The role of physiotherapists Pascal O. Mogbo and Joseph A. Balogun Full Length Research Paper This article discussed the historical context of health policy development in Nigeria and the roles physiotherapists can play in its implementation. It also proposed a conceptual framework on the connection between physiotherapy and health policy development and the plausible physical therapy services within the Nigerian national health policy agenda. The issues raised are a call to action for Nigerian physiotherapists to become more proactive in policy development rather than continue to react to the policies developed by power player stakeholders. Key words: Health policy, policy development, physiotherapy, Nigeria. Academic Journals 2020 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/4E754E765558 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2020.0003 en Copyright © 2020 Pascal O. Mogbo and Joseph A. Balogun

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:E14EF5B65613 2020-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2020

Comparative effects of aerobic exercise training and incentive spirometry on selected cardiopulmonary parameters in apparently healthy elderly Happiness A. Aweto, Olufunke A. Ajiboye and Olisaeloka I. Anyakwo Full Length Research Paper Individuals that are above 60 years old have decreased functions of several organs, such that the lungs can lose greater than 40% of their capacity over time and a significant reduction in cardiopulmonary muscle strength and endurance. However, some of these changes can be negated by lifestyle modification. This study compared the effects of aerobic exercise training and incentive spirometry on selected cardiopulmonary parameters in apparently healthy elderly. Forty apparently healthy elderly aged 60 to 94 years were recruited from selected homes for the elderly in Lagos State through a purposive sampling for this study but 35 of them (17 males and 18 females) completed it. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups. Group A underwent Aerobic Exercise training, Group B underwent Incentive Spirometry and Group C was the Control. These interventions were done three days a week for four weeks. Selected cardiopulmonary parameters were assessed at baseline and at the end of 4 weeks. Data were analysed using SPSS version 17. Although there were positive changes in most of the cardiopulmonary parameters of groups A and B, paired t- test showed that they were not statistically significant except Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) (A: p=0.002; B: p=0.03). Comparison of the mean changes in all selected variables due to the two interventions showed no significant differences. There were no significant differences between the mean changes caused by Incentive Spirometry and Aerobic Exercise training in selected cardiopulmonary parameters in apparently healthy elderly, although incentive spirometry brought about better changes. Key words: Aerobic exercise training, Incentive spirometry, cardiopulmonary parameters, elderly. Academic Journals 2020 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/E14EF5B65613 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2020.0005 en Copyright © 2020 Happiness A. Aweto, Olufunke A. Ajiboye and Olisaeloka I. Anyakwo

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:453C3FD67340 2021-07-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2021

Sleep quality and physical activity level of community dwelling older adults in Lagos State: A cross-sectional study OSUNDIYA Oladunni C., DADA Olumide O., AJEPE Titilope O. OLAOYE Adebola and FAKOYA Ladi Full Length Research Paper The potentially complex relationship between sleep and physical activity has been characterized as difficult to answer. This study was to determine the relationship between Physical Activity (PA) and Sleep Quality (SQ) among community dwelling older adults in Idi-Araba, Lagos-State. A cross-sectional study of older adults aged 55 years and above. The participantsrsquo; PA level and SQ were measured using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) respectively. The data was summarised using mean, frequency and percentage. Spearman Correlation, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square test were also employed. Level of significance was set at p ?0.05. Majority of the older adults (62%) reported poor sleep quality. There was a significant relationship between PA and SQ among the participants, higher level of physical activity correlated with a lower score on the sleep quality. Age had significant influence on PA as there was a decline in PA with increasing age, though gender had no significant influence on PA. Age and gender had no significant influence on SQ. Older adults should be encouraged to participate in more physical activity to improve their sleep. Key words: Sleep quality, physical activity, older adults. Academic Journals 2021 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/453C3FD67340 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2021.0007 en Copyright © 2021 OSUNDIYA Oladunni C., DADA Olumide O., AJEPE Titilope O. OLAOYE Adebola and FAKOYA Ladi

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:FDAD79867342 2021-07-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2021

A qualitative study on barriers to practitioner implementation of cardiac rehabilitation services in a tertiary health facility in Kano, Nigeria Jibril Mohammed Nuhu and Lubabatu Suleiman Gachi Full Length Research Paper The burden of cardiovascular diseases is on the rise in resource-constrained developing countries. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a constellation of multidisciplinary interventions designed to alleviate the burden of cardiovascular disorders. Qua litative data on barriers to the utilisation of cardiac rehabilitation services among healthcare personnel in Nigeria is not available. This research was undertaken to explore the barriers to implementation of cardiac rehabilitation services by healthcare practitioners in a tertiary hospital in Kano, North-Western Nigeria. A researcher-constructed guide with open-ended questions was used to obtain information qualitatively from a purposive sample of ten health professionals via interview. Themes generated included non-functional cardiac rehabilitation team, inadequate skills, inadequate funding, lack of awareness about the role of allied health care professionals, lack of collaboration and absence of enabling environment. Key words: Barriers, cardiac rehabilitation, implementation, Kano. Academic Journals 2021 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/FDAD79867342 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2021.0008 en Copyright © 2021 Jibril Mohammed Nuhu and Lubabatu Suleiman Gachi

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:69E2D7367356 2021-07-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2021

Relationship between post-stroke spasticity and functional ambulation among Nigerian stroke survivors Olubukola A. OLALEYE, Olugbenga S. POPOOLA, Christopher O. AKOSILE and Babatunde O. A. ADEGOKE Full Length Research Paper Ambulation is a common goal of stroke rehabilitation that is often linked to lower limb spasticity. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between paretic lower limb spasticity and functional ambulation after stroke. Thirty stroke survivors (19 males) aged 57.77 plusmn; 9.52 years participated in this correlational cross-sectional study. Spasticity of the paretic lower limb was assessed using the Modified Tardieu Scale. Functional ambulation performance was assessed using the Emory Functional Ambulation Profile (E-FAP). Data were analyzed using Pearson#39;s product moment correlation and stepwise regression analysis at p = 0.05. Spasticity was highest in the ankle plantaflexors (253.20 plusmn; 32.62deg;). There was a significant relationship between spasticity of the affected lower limb and functional ambulation performance (r=0.61; plt;0.05). Stepwise regression analysis indicated that only spasticity of the ankle plantaflexors predicted functional ambulation. Spasticity of the paretic ankle plantaflexors has discriminative power for predicting functional ambulation. This underscores the need for focused rehabilitation aimed at reducing spasticity of ankle plantaflexors for improved functional ambulation among stroke survivors. Key words: Stroke, spasticity, functional ambulation. Academic Journals 2021 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/69E2D7367356 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2021.0011 en Copyright © 2021 Olubukola A. OLALEYE, Olugbenga S. POPOOLA, Christopher O. AKOSILE and Babatunde O. A. ADEGOKE

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:AA48E5867512 2021-08-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2021

Health care education in Nigeria: Evolutions and emerging paradigms B. O. A. Adegoke Book Review Books on healthcare education in Nigeria are not readily available. A book on this important topic has been reviewed to promote the book among Nigerian Physiotherapists who are the primary readers of the Journal of the Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy. The book was found to be readable, complete, accurate and suitable for the intended audience. Keywords: Healthcare education, Nigeria, academic administration. Academic Journals 2021 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/AA48E5867512 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2021.0009 en Copyright © 2021 B. O. A. Adegoke

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:6823C1467680 2021-09-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2021

Pattern of physical activity, sleep duration and quality of life among individuals with diabetes mellitus in selected health facilities in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria Jibril Mohammed Nuhu, Umar Hadi Tijjani, Umaru Muhammad Badaru, Abdulsalam Mohammed Yakasai and Musa Sani Danazumi Full Length Research Paper Data on physical activity (PA) and sleep duration (SD) as important correlates of quality of life (QoL) among diabetic patients are scarce. This study investigated the pattern of self-reported PA, SD and QoL in purposively selected diabetes patients (N = 124, mean age: 54.61) at two major hospitals in Kano, Nigeria. Respondentsrsquo; PA level, SD and QoL were estimated using the International PA Questionnaire, a single-item measure of sleep and the Short Form-36 Health Survey respectively. Nighttime SD was estimated in hours and the mean for the previous seven days was recorded. Respondentsrsquo; socio-demographic characteristics were also obtained while weight and height were measured. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Spearman correlation) at p le;0.05. 56.5%, 37.9% and 5.6% of them had low, moderate and high PA levels respectively. 57 (46%) slept for lt;6 hours and 67 (54%) for 6-8 hours. While 86% had QoL physical component summary of lt;50, 13% had ge;50. Those with mental component summary lt;50 (57.3%) were also more than those with values ge;50 (42.7%). There was no significant correlation between PA and either of the two clinical variables (sleep duration [p = 0.075, r = 0.160] and QoL [SF-36 PSC, p = 0.435, r = 0.071; SF-36 MSC, p = 0.379, r = -0.080]). Furthermore, SD did not significantly correlate with QoL (p gt; 0.05). In conclusion, the majority of the respondents were not meeting any of the criteria for either moderate or high levels of PA with SD being poor for significant proportion of them for optimal QoL and general wellbeing. Key words: Physical activity; Sleep duration; Quality of life; Diabetes mellitus; Northwestern Nigeria. Academic Journals 2021 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/6823C1467680 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2021.0012 en Copyright © 2021 Jibril Mohammed Nuhu, Umar Hadi Tijjani, Umaru Muhammad Badaru, Abdulsalam Mohammed Yakasai and Musa Sani Danazumi

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:5573A5767832 2021-09-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2021

Ergonomic evaluation and the predictors of occupation related musculoskeletal disorders among tailors in Enugu Metropolis Echezona Nelson Dominic Ekechukwu,, Nwanneka Cynthia Okolo and Blessing Chiagozikam Atueyi Full Length Research Paper Tailoring task is usually fostered with the adoption of constrained postures, repetitive movements, and prolonged static loading which have been identified as major ergonomic risk factors of occupation related musculoskeletal disorders (OMSD). This study was undertaken to ergonomically evaluate the work set up and determine the prevalence and predictors of OMSD among tailors in Enugu Metropolis. This exploratory cross-sectional study sampled 270 tailors in Enugu metropolis. The Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to assess OMSD, while a self-structured proforma was used to obtain their demographic details, work related variables and the ergonomic assessment of their workstation. Data obtained was analyzed descriptively and inferentially using Chi-square and logistic regression. The level of significance set at 0.05. Majority of the participants were females (73.0%) and married (72.6%). Most of the participants used seats made of wood (58.1%) and plastic (39.6%) that were neither padded (61.1%) nor had back rest (67.8%). Most of the participants (83.3%) used manual sewing machines. The prevalence of OMSD in this population was 67.0% and was more common around the upper back (43.0%), low back (36.3%) and knees (23.3%). There was a significant association between OMSD and each of age (c2 = 16.98, p = 0.002), and fatigue (c2 = 6.198, p = 0.013). However, fatigue was the only significant predictor of OMSD (beta; = 0.858, p = 0.024). There is a high prevalence of OMSD among tailors in Enugu metropolis, associated with age and fatigue. Work should be terminated at the early onset of fatigue. Key words: Ergonomics, predictors, occupation related musculoskeletal disorders (OMSD), tailors, Enugu metropolis. Academic Journals 2021 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/5573A5767832 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2021.0010 en Copyright © 2021 Echezona Nelson Dominic Ekechukwu,, Nwanneka Cynthia Okolo and Blessing Chiagozikam Atueyi

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:5366FD269012 2022-04-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2022

Point prevalence and risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders among academic staff in a Nigerian University Margaret Bukola Fatudimu, Afolakemi Odekunle and Talhatu Kolapo Hamzat Full Length Research Paper Work-Related Musculo-Skeletal Disorder (WRMSD) is a common complaint among the working population. In spite of the keen interest of Nigerian researchers in this subject, there is a dearth of information concerning university academic staff. Yet, this group of workers are critical to high-level manpower development. The aim of this study is to assess the risk factors and determine the point prevalence of WRMSD among academic staff of Nigeria premier University Ibadan. Two hundred and two (202) academic staff from all faculties in the university participated in this cross-sectional study. The methodology involved a two-part process namely: An observational assessment of each academic staff by one of the researchers; and completion of a self-administered questionnaire. The Standard Nordic Questionnaire and the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) were used to assess musculoskeletal disorders and the ergonomic environment, respectively. Descriptive statistics of frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to summarise the data. Inferential statistics of chi-square was also used at plt;0.05. Participants were aged 49.3plusmn; 11.21 years. Results showed a WRMSDs prevalence of 86.6 and 64% reported that the musculoskeletal disorders or pain interfered with their work. The risk factors identified were inappropriate chairs and desk height; reaching for items in the workplace; prolonged sitting time and poor ergonomic awareness. The most common reported WRMSDs were those of upper back (78.7%); hip/buttocks (78.2%); knees (70.3%); and low back (41.6%). Based on the assessment of academic staffrsquo;s office work environment, 66.3% of them were adjudged to be at a high risk of developing WRMSDs. The importance of appropriate office furniture and an improved work environment for academic staff were highlighted. Key words: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders, university academic staff, University of Ibadan, prevalence. Academic Journals 2022 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/5366FD269012 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2021.0013 en Copyright © 2022 Margaret Bukola Fatudimu, Afolakemi Odekunle and Talhatu Kolapo Hamzat

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:21F442F69119 2022-05-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2022

Prevalence of neck pain among heavy truck drivers in Maiduguri north-eastern Nigeria Auwal Shitu, Adetoyeje Yunus Oyeyemi, Abdullahi Salisu Muhammad, Umar Muhammad Bello, Adewale Luqman Oyeyemi, Abdulrahman Jajere, Full Length Research Paper It is a general presumption that most workers in blue collar occupations are susceptible to spinal problems of postural nature including neck pain, the prevalence of which relatively less attention has been paid by researchers compared to other work related musculoskeletal disorder such as back pain. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of neck pain among heavy truck drivers in Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria. One hundred and fifty participants (N=150) completed part 1 of the 19-item researcher administered questionnaires which elicited socio-demographic responses about history and prevalence of neck pain, factors that predisposes the drivers to neck pain and their driving routine and performance information. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, frequency and percentages, while Spearman Correlation Coefficient (rho) was used to explore the relationship between age, educational status, years of driving experience and hours spent on driving, and neck pain. Prevalence of neck pain was 67.3% among the drivers, and this condition is associated with age and years of driving experience, and was more frequent among drivers that do not have any formal education when compared with those with primary, secondary or higher education (87.5% vs 54.1-74.6). These truck drivers also indicated that long distance driving and hours spent on driving are predisposing factors to neck pain. This study shows that there is high prevalence of neck pain among heavy truck drivers in Maiduguri North-eastern Nigeria. The risk of having neck pain increases with age, many hours spent on driving, years of driving experience and less education. Therefore, this study identified the need for ergonomic education and intervention to prevent, minimize, and manage neck pain among this occupational group. Key words: Truck driver, neck pain, haulage industry. Academic Journals 2022 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/21F442F69119 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2021.0021 en Copyright © 2022 Auwal Shitu, Adetoyeje Yunus Oyeyemi, Abdullahi Salisu Muhammad, Umar Muhammad Bello, Adewale Luqman Oyeyemi, Abdulrahman Jajere,

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:CBEB09269323 2022-06-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2022

Hamstring weakness: A sequel of cerebrovascular accident Overcomer Temiloluwa Binuyo, Samuel Damilola Ayelawa, Omotola Adam Onigbinde and Toluwanimi Ogundele Full Length Research Paper Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), commonly known as stroke is a condition that results from infarction of neurons in the brain due to vascular compromise. It is a highly prevalent disease, a leading cause of death and long-term disability. The most frequent sign after stroke is muscle weakness, which leads to loss of functions in the upper and lower limb. The mechanism of muscle weakness in stroke can be neural or structural. The most frequently affected muscle groups are the extensors of the upper limb and flexors of the lower limb. Dysfunctional knee flexion causes disability in performing such activities of daily living like walking, transfers, standing, stair climbing and so on, which negatively affect the quality of life and societal participation in stroke survivors. The hamstring muscles are the muscles responsible for knee flexion. This mini-review gives a brief summary of the available physiotherapy interventions that affect the hamstrings. PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar were searched with keywords of various combinations. Several modalities employed in managing hamstring weakness in stroke survivors include exercise therapy, mirror therapy, electrical stimulation, mental practice, functional electrical stimulation and task-specific training at different levels of hamstring muscle strength among stroke survivors. The goal of physiotherapy is to improve the functional level and ultimately facilitate community integration by increasing muscle strength in the stroke survivor. Key words: Hamstring, cerebrovascular, accident. Academic Journals 2022 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/CBEB09269323 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2022.0026 en Copyright © 2022 Overcomer Temiloluwa Binuyo, Samuel Damilola Ayelawa, Omotola Adam Onigbinde and Toluwanimi Ogundele

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:621F00571592 2023-12-31T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2023

Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy as a specialty: Students’ experience and factors that influence their career choice Ayelawa Samuel Damilola, Overcomer Temiloluwa Binuyo, Omotola Adam Onigbinde and Abiodun Jeremiah Olaniyi Full Length Research Paper Studies have shown that physiotherapy students have limited knowledge about cardiopulmonary physiotherapy specialty despite the increased need for cardiopulmonary physiotherapy services in Nigeria. The study aims to assess undergraduate physiotherapy clinical students#39; experiences in the cardiopulmonary physiotherapy specialty and the factors that influence their career choice. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 115 undergraduate physiotherapy clinical students (year 4 and 5), College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, who were purposely selected. A questionnaire that was modified from a similar study conducted in Canada was used for the data collection. This questionnaire elicited information on studentsrsquo; perception and factors responsible for the choice of cardiopulmonary specialty. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation, frequency and percentages. Out of the total respondents, 62.6% were male while the females were 37.4%. A small fraction (21.8%) of the respondents indicated a keen interest in specializing in cardiopulmonary physiotherapy. Job accessibility, experiences in the field, exciting aspects of the field and research potential were influential factors negatively affecting studentsrsquo; decision. Few clinical physiotherapy students expressed career intention in cardiopulmonary physiotherapy. Therefore, thorough clinical exposure and training of undergraduate physiotherapy students are highly recommended to stimulate informed interest and motivation in cardiopulmonary physiotherapy. Key words: Physiotherapy, cardiopulmonary, specialization, career choice. Academic Journals 2023 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/621F00571592 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2022.0024 en Copyright © 2023 Ayelawa Samuel Damilola, Overcomer Temiloluwa Binuyo, Omotola Adam Onigbinde and Abiodun Jeremiah Olaniyi

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:09EAD4272016 2024-04-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2024

Development of a contextualised physical activity programme to improve health outcomes among people living with HIV-related disability in Nigeria: A study protocol Temitope Oladejo, Hellen Myezwa, Adedayo Ajidahun and Sam Ibeneme Full Length Research Paper Transitioning from a life-threatening infection resulting in acute illness to a long-term manageable condition implies that HIV management requires collaboration between primary care clinicians and rehabilitation teams. Recognized as an effective, safe, and beneficial health strategy, physical activity has been recommended in HIV management. However, despite its numerous benefits, there remains a low prevalence of physical activity in sub-Saharan Africa. It has been reported that individuals living with HIV-related disability often do not engage in sufficient physical activity. This study aims to explore the extent and nature of HIV-related disability in Nigeria, its impact on quality of life, and how certain factors may influence participation in physical activity. The goal is to develop a context-specific physical activity program to address rehabilitation needs. Employing a mixed-methods approach in three phases, the study will conduct a cross-sectional survey, one-on-one interviews, and a scoping review in the first phase. Data from phase one will be integrated using a clinical reasoning approach. The second phase involves a modified Delphi study to evaluate the developed physical activity program, while the third phase assesses program feasibility. The study population includes individuals aged 18 and above living with HIV/AIDS in Lagos State, Nigeria. The findings will contribute valuable insights into the extent of HIV-related disability, its impact, and the factors influencing physical activity engagement, ultimately informing the development of effective rehabilitation interventions. Key words: HIV, disability, physical activity Academic Journals 2024 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/09EAD4272016 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2023.0028 en Copyright © 2024 Temitope Oladejo, Hellen Myezwa, Adedayo Ajidahun and Sam Ibeneme

oai:academicjournals.org:JNSP:BB5C97E72017 2024-04-30T00:00:00Z AcademicJournals JNSP JNSP:2024

Building the future physiotherapist: Transcending boundaries to creative thinking Shuaib Sani Shuaib Review Disruptive and undetermined events continue to give a new outlook to industries, including that of healthcare. Failure to continuously renew and standardize approaches among organized professions in healthcare, like physiotherapy, will continue to give more power to alternative health marketplaces, widen the knowledge-practice gap, reduce professional prestige and policy protection, slow down innovation, expand inter- and intra-professional conflicts, and increase health system inefficiencies. In light of these challenges, it is becoming clear that physiotherapists need to engage in a critically informed discussion to match the present practice of physiotherapy to that of the future, thereby transcending boundaries through creative thinking. Providing a roadmap to building the future physiotherapist, this paper will therefore attempt to address critical avenues such as professionalism/corporate culture, alternative health marketplaces, ever-changing health policies (including commercialization), the knowledge-practice gap, professional prestige, technological advancements, inter- and intra-professional conflicts, rising patient expectations, perception of the health system as inefficient, as well as threats and benefits from an increasingly aging population. Key words: Physiotherapy, future physiotherapist, professional challenges. Academic Journals 2024 TEXT text/html https://academicjournals.org/journal/JNSP/article-abstract/BB5C97E72017 http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JNSP2021.0023 en Copyright © 2024 Shuaib Sani Shuaib