May 2018

Drug resistance in African animal trypanosomes: A review

Animal African trypanosmiasis (AAT) is the most important factor contributing to the sub potential performance of livestock. AAT is caused by Trypanosoma congolense, Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma brucei. Chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis are the major means of combating the disease. An estimated 17 million cattle are treated with trypanocides annually. The emergence of drug-resistant trypanosome strains is...

Author(s): Solomon Assefa and Workineh Shibeshi

May 2018

Metagenomic analysis of enteric bacterial pathogens affecting the performance of dairy cows in smallholder productions systems

There is little information about the diversity of bacterial pathogens present in the rumen and feces of healthy cow and the subsequent effects on the performance of the host animal. The objectives of the present study were to genetically characterize the enteric bacterial pathogens found in the rumen fluid and cow feces and to identify the resistant genes responsible for antimicrobial resistance in the detected...

Author(s): Vincent Habimana, Rawlynce Cheruiyot Bett, Joshua Oluoch Amimo, Felix Matura Kibegwa, Dedan Githae and Joseph Owino Jung’a

May 2018

Effectiveness of exopolysaccharides and biofilm forming plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on salinity tolerance of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

This study aimed to investigate the production of biofilm and exopolysaccharides by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) under different salt concentrations. In this study, the activity of biofilm formation and exopolysaccharides production by 20 strains of PGPR which previously isolated and identified from root samples of different crops were determined under different salt concentrations. Out of 20 strains,...

Author(s): Alaa Fathalla Mohammed

May 2018

Isolation, identification and bioactivity of fungal endophytes from selected Kenyan medicinal plants

Infectious diseases remain a global health burden due to development of antibiotic resistance by pathogenic microorganisms. Antibiotic resistance has led to increased number of deaths among children and adults. This study sought to isolate and identify fungal endophytes from selected Kenyan medicinal plants and screen them and their extracts for bioactivity against selected test human pathogens. Fifty-five fungal...

Author(s): Velma Wekesa Nasimiyu, Isabel Nyokabi Wagara, Meshack Amos Obonyo and Josphat Clement Matasyoh