June 2018
Nutritional Status of perinatally HIV‑infected children on antiretroviral therapy from a resource‑poor rural South African community
Objective: In Sub‑Saharan Africa, millions of children are suffering from HIV and coexisting child undernutrition. Despite efforts to curb the spread of HIV through the availability of treatment and various nutritional programmes, it has been argued that undernutrition remains highly prevalent in rural areas. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and psychosocial factors influencing the...
June 2018
The effect of bacterial colonization of the embryo transfer catheter on outcome of in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer treatment
Background: In vitro fertilization–embryo transfer (IVF − ET) has become a core treatment method for managing infertility. Bacterial contamination of the ET catheter may affect outcome, but there is still no consensus of evidence. Objectives: This study aims to assess the effect of bacterial colonization of the ET catheter tip on the clinical pregnancy rate in an IVF–ET treatment. Methods: An...
June 2018
Prevalence and Antibiogram Pattern of Salmonella enterica Serotypes in Garhwal Region: First Report from Foothills of Himalayas
Introduction: Enteric fever, caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica serotype Typhi and Paratyphi, is endemic in India with an incidence of 102–2219/100,000 populations. The definitive diagnosis of enteric fever in patients with compatible clinical picture is isolation of Salmonellae from blood, bone marrow, stool or urine, and demonstration of four‑fold rise in antibody titer to both O and H antigen of...
June 2018
Musculoskeletal Tumors of the Extremities: Challenges and Outcome of Management in a Nigeria Tertiary Hospital
Background: Patients with musculoskeletal tumors in developing countries often present late to the hospital and this poses serious challenges to the management, especially for malignant tumors. This study aims to highlight the various types of musculoskeletal extremity tumors seen in a Nigerian tertiary health center during the study period, the challenges encountered in managing them, and the outcome of the...
June 2018
Lead in Potable Water Sources in Anambra State, South East, Nigeria
Introduction: Due to lack of treated water supply in major cities and settlements in Anambra state, Nigeria, majority of the population obtain potable water directly from boreholes, streams, sachet, harvested rain, and well water sources. Lead‑laden potable water may be a major cause of mortality and morbidity in Anambra state, Nigeria. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the presence of lead in...
June 2018
Anesthesia for Emergency Cesarean Section: A Comparison of Spinal versus General Anesthesia on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes
Background: Despite the relative safety of cesarean section (CS), increasing CS rate is a cause for concern to obstetricians and anesthetists because of the attendant increased health risk one of which is the risk of anesthesia. The choice of anesthesia for cesarean section depends on the indication for the surgery, the urgency of intervention required, the maternal and/or fetal status, and the patient’s desires....
June 2018
Incidence and Pattern of Dog Bite Injuries Treated in the Emergency Room of a Teaching Hospital South East Nigeria
Background: Dog bite injury treated in the emergency room varies from and within sub regions in pattern and potential risk of transmission of rabies. This variation has implications in its morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and pattern of dog bite injuries treated in a teaching hospital emergency room setting of a developing country. Patients and Methods: This was a...
June 2018
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Gastroduodenal Diseases in Kano, Nigeria
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been well noted as a causative agent of many diseases in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract notably, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric adenocarcinoma. Determining the burden and the risk factors for acquiring this infection may be crucial to containing it and its sequelae in Kano, Nigeria. Methodology: The study was cross‑sectional in design. Questionnaires...
June 2018
Work‑Related Respiratory Symptoms and Cardiopulmonary Function Impairment of Factory Workers in a Cement Company in South‑West Nigeria
Background: Cement factory workers are exposed to dangerous cement dust while at workplace especially in the developing countries where little or no safety standards are followed. This study investigated the work‑related respiratory symptoms and cardiopulmonary functions’ impairment in cement factory workers in South‑West, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Seventy cement exposed workers and 70 age‑matched...
June 2018
Diagnostic Reference Levels for Mammography Examinations in North Eastern Nigeria
Background: Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) plays an important role in health‑care delivery and radiation safety of patients. This study was carried out as part of a comprehensive project to establish DRLs for the radiological examinations for the first time in North Eastern Nigeria. Objective of the Study: The aim is to establish DRL for mammography examination in North Eastern Nigeria and to compare it with...
June 2018
A 10‑Year Review of Ultrasonographic Findings of Scrotal Diseases in Ibadan, South Western, Nigeria
Introduction: Despite the importance of a thorough clinical evaluation, ultrasonography has emerged as the mainstay of imaging of the scrotum and its contents. Differentiation of testicular lesions and that of adjacent scrotum and content is usually difficult clinically. Scrotal ultrasound (SUSS) is highly sensitive in the detection of intrascrotal abnormalities and in differentiating testicular from paratesticular...
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