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J. Cell Anim. Biol.


Vol. 4 No. 5



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  Njitchouang GR

  Simo G


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Journal of Cell and Animal Biology Vol. 4(5), pp. 73–80, May 2010

ISSN 1996-0867 © 2010 Academic Journals  

 

Full Length Research Paper

 

Analysis of the domestic animal reservoir at a micro-geographical scale, the Fontem sleeping sickness focus (South-West Cameroon)

 

G. R. Njitchouang1, 5, F. Njiokou1*, H. C. Nana Djeunga1, P. Moundipa Fewou5, T. Asonganyi 3, G. Cuny 4 and G. Simo2

 

1General Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science,  University of Yaoundé 1, P. O. Box 812,Yaoundé, Cameroon.

2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang , P. O. Box 67, Dschang , Cameroon.

3Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

4Laboratoire de Recherche et de Coordination sur les Trypanosomoses IRD, UMR 177, CIRAD, TA 207/G Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.

5Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé 1, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

 

*Corresponding author. E-mail: njiokouf@yahoo.com. Tel: 00237 77 71 96 31.

 

Accepted 14 April, 2010

 

Abstract

 

To better understand the epidemiology of sleeping sickness in two Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) sub foci (central and northern sub foci) of the Fontem focus where diversity in the prevalence of Trypanosoma bucei. gambiense was reported in domestic animals and man, 397 domestic animals were sampled in eight villages. Parasitological tests revealed trypanosomes in 86 (21.60%) animals. The CATT test was positive in 254 (64%) animals with the lowest value in dogs. The PCR test revealed T. b. gambiense in 11.55% of pigs, 3.45% of goats and 15.38% of sheep. The T. b. gambiense infection rates were not significantly different between the two sub foci. However, T. b. gambiense was found in animals from all villages of the Northern sub focus while only animals from Menji and Nsoko (Central sub focus) revealed this infection. The detection of T. b. gambiense in animals of the central sub focus was in line with results of medical surveys where HAT patients were detected in the same villages. The absence of patients in the northern sub focus despite the circulation of T. b. gambiense in animals from all villages of this sub focus since several years is surprising and needed more investigations.

 

Key words: Domestic animals, T. b. gambiense, sleeping sickness, animal reservoir

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