Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Reviews Vol. 2(5), pp. 116-122, December 2007
ISSN 1538-2273 © 2007 Academic Journals

Standard Review
 

Genetic aspects of ameloblastoma:a brief review

Daiana P. Stolf^1,2*, Algernon C. Karim² and Abhijit G. Banerjee²

¹CIHR Group in Matrix Dynamics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto. Toronto, M5S 3E2, Canada.
²Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Manitoba. Winnipeg, R3E 0W2, Canada.
 

*Corresponding author. E-mail: daiana.stolf@utoronto.ca

Accepted 6 December, 2007

Ameloblastomas are defined as aggressive neoplasms arising from the odontogenic epithelium which exhibit a locally invasive behavior with a high rate of recurrence. If left untreated, they often lead to extensive tissue destruction and deformity. Due to the fact that these tumors emerge from remnants of normal odontogenic apparatus, which is strictly regulated through several genes, studies have been done in an attempt to unravel the relation between these two processes. The normal genetic regulation takes place through different signaling pathways, including four major families: TGFβ [Transforming Growth Factors, which include BMPs (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins)], FGF (Fibroblast Growth Factors), Hh (Hedgehogs) and Wnt (Wingless). Each family consists of several signals encoded by different genes. The unraveling of specific details concerning these genes and the mechanisms whereby the expression and relationships among them are mediated, may provide an opportunity to develop new treatment therapies and afford efficient prevention.

Key words: Ameloblastoma, sonic hedgehog, bone morphogenetic protein, fibroblast growth factor, wingless.