Articles
Page 4 of 1126, showing 50 records out of 56251 total, starting on record 151, ending on 200
June 2018
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Exploratory study of hepatitis D virus infection in HBsAg carriers in Abidjan, Côte D’ivoire in 2016
In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of co-infection with hepatitis D (HDV) and hepatitis B viruses (HBV) is poorly known. Chronic infection with HBV is currently treated by nucleoside analogs whereas interferon is used to inhibit HDV. Nevertheless, Hepatitis Delta is not routinely diagnosed in Côte d’Ivoire. This study aims to estimate the current prevalence of Hepatitis D infection among HBV-infected...
June 2018
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Exploration of sulfate reducing bacteria from polluted waters
Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) was successfully isolated from Estuary Dam in Suwung Denpasar, Indonesia. This estuary catches highly polluted water from Badung River which runs across and hence carries pollution due to waste disposal from Denpasar City. SRB was studied in detail for their ability to reduce sulfate to sulfide with organic material as an oxidizing agent. SRB exploration of the estuary ecosystem of the...
June 2018
African Journal of Biotechnology
Production of single cell protein (SCP) and essentials amino acids from Candida utilis FMJ12 by solid state fermentation using mango waste supplemented with nitrogen sources
In Burkina Faso, deficiency of amino acids in protein is becoming a major healthy public problem. This study was purposed to optimize essentials amino acids in single cell protein (SCP) by supplementing different nitrogen sources during fermentation of mango waste with Candida utilis FJM12. Analytical methods were used to determine biomass yield, chemical composition and amino acids profile of SCP. The principal...
June 2018
African Journal of Biotechnology
Development and validation of analytical methodology for quantification of total flavonoids of Morus nigra by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrophotometry
Morus nigra L. is known in the region of Brazilian São Francisco Valley as "amora-miúra". It is widely used in traditional medicine, mainly in treatment of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular problems, obesity and gout. This study proposed to develop and validate a fast, simple, efficient and low cost analytical method that could quantify total flavonoid content present in crude...
June 2018
African Journal of Biotechnology
Phenotypic characterization and symbiotic effectiveness test of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) rhizobia isolated from Dejen and Aneded Districts, East Gojjam Zone, Amahara Region, Ethiopia
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important leguminous crop grown in different parts of Ethiopia. It is a nutritionally valued and N2-fixing legume which forms a symbiotic association with Mesorhizobium. This study was conducted to characterize and evaluate symbiotic efficacy of chickpea rhizobia isolated from soil samples collected from the study area. Seventeen chickpea rhizobia were isolated by soil host plant trap...
May 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Qualitative traits variation in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces from the Southern highlands of Ethiopia
Thirty six barley landraces were collected from three districts of the southern highlands of Ethiopia and evaluated for 11 morphological traits to assess the extent of qualitative trait variations based on morphological traits. The results showed that 42% of the 36 barley landraces were found to have six kernel row numbers for the three collection districts. The distribution of four kernel raw number was found to be...
May 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Quality attributes of homemade tomato sauce stored at different temperatures
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is processed into different products including tomato sauce. The aim of this study was to determine the quality attributes of homemade tomato sauce during storage at 6 and 30°C for 8 weeks. At 4 weeks, there were no significant changes in sensory attributes during storage at both 6 and 30°C. There were significant differences (P˂0.05) of sensory attributes after 6 weeks. Sauce...
May 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Quality of porridge from sub-Saharan Africa evaluated using instrumental techniques and descriptive sensory lexicon. Part 2: Thin porridge
Thin porridge is a popular nourishment drink for adults and complementary food for children in sub-Saharan Africa. It is made from straight (unblended) or composite flours of maize, sorghum, finger millet and cassava in neutral or chemically-acidified media, or after spontaneous fermentation of the flours. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of type of composite flour and pH on the sensory quality of...
May 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Two withanolides from Withania somnifera (solanaceae) and activity of methanolic extracts against fungal and bacterial pathogens that affects food crops
Methanolic extract obtained from the dried leaves of Withania Somnifera was subjected to column chromatography leading to the isolation of two withanolides. Their structures were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The isolated withanolides were determined to be 5α, 17β-dihydroxy-6α, 7β-epoxy-1-oxo-witha-2, 24-dienolide (1) and 4, 5, 6, 15-tetrahydroxy-1-oxo-witha-7-enolide (2). The...
May 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
How far can climate changes help to conserve and restore Garcinia kola Heckel, an extinct species in the wild in Benin (West Africa)
A study was conducted to assess how well climate changes can help to conserve and restore Garcinia kola Heckel in the Protected Area Network (PAN) and in urban areas in Benin. To achieve this, occurrence data from GBIF was used and the environmental data from AfriClim was used in order to model the species’ potential habitat under current and future climates. The maximum entropy modeling approach of MaxEnt was...
May 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Habitat biophysical and spatial patterns assessment within Oti-Keran-Mandouri protected area network in Togo
Oti-Keran-Mandouri (OKM) is part of the elephant historical range and one of the priority corridors proposed for elephant conservation in West Africa. However, its potentialities to be a functional corridor are yet to be evaluated in a context of increasing anthropogenic pressure. This study aims at assessing habitat biophysical patterns and fragmentation level. A multicriteria evaluation using fuzzy logic was performed...
May 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Effects of bush encroachment on plant composition, diversity and carbon stock in Borana rangelands, Southern Ethiopia
Bush encroachment is reducing rangeland productivity in Borana rangelands. This study was conducted in Teltele Woreda of Borana zone, to evaluate the effects of bush encroachment on plant species composition, diversity and its contribution to carbon stock. Bush encroached, non-encroached and bush thinned rangeland types were selected for the study. Nested plots for collecting tree, shrub, herbaceous and soil data were...
May 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Study of floral diversity from rural pockets of Odisha, India: Plants for fun and games
In earlier days, children used to play in outdoors with plant parts and their products for fun making and games. However with modernity and advancement in science and technology, this indigenous knowledge is vanishing day by day. There is no scientific documentation of plants being used for fun and games by children. The present study carried out in different tribal and non-tribal village schools of Koraput and Khordha...
May 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Factors affecting implementation of integrated community case management of childhood illnesses in South West Shoa Zone, Central Ethiopia
Integrated community case management (ICCM) is a program that allowed Health Extension Workers (HEWs) treat the three most common childhood illnesses: pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria through delivering a closer and accessible care. In Ethiopia, this proven strategy was being implemented in selected districts of the regions but there were no sufficient evidences to decision-makers for improvement interventions....
May 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Factors associated with sputum conversion in a multinational population of tuberculosis patients
Various factors had been related with sputum conversion in tuberculosis patients, which constituted an essential indicator of the effectiveness of treatment and the infectivity of patients. The study evaluates the factors related with smear sputum conversion in pulmonary tuberculosis. A retrospective cohort study of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis was performed from January 2013 to September 2016 in Cuban...
May 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Satisfaction of maternal care among women delivered at Asrade Zewude Memorial Primary Hospital, Bure, West Gojjam, Amhara, Ethiopia: A cross sectional study
Maternal satisfaction is a means of evaluating quality of maternal health care given in health facilities. The objective was to assess the level of maternal satisfaction and associated factors at Asrade Zewude Memorial Primary Hospital. Cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 clients by systematic sampling method from February 8, 2017 to September 25, 2017. Structured questionnaire that was...
May 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Maternal dietary and nutritional characteristics as predictor of newborn birth weight in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2017
Maternal nutrition plays a major role in influencing fetal growth and birth outcomes. It is a modifiable risk factor which drags a significant public health consideration to avert adverse birth outcomes, specially, in low and middle income countries. Suboptimal dietary and nutritional characteristics and low birth weight are prevalent in the present study setting. This study was conducted to assess the association of...
May 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Socio-demographic determinants of health support services among orphans and vulnerable children in Nigeria
Worldwide, the population of orphans and vulnerable children is estimated to be around 160 million with sub-Sahara Africa accounting for 80% of these children owing largely to the effect of HIV/AIDS, civil wars, road accidents, sectarian violence, terrorism, and other factors. Efforts have been made over the years by governments and development partners to mitigate the effects of orphanhood, but these efforts have...
May 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Biotransformation and detoxification of reactive black dye by Ganoderma tsugae
In this study, the decolourization potential of the white-rot fungus Ganoderma tsugae, which is capable of producing laccase was investigated to degrade reactive black dye. Biodegradation of reactive black dye was analyzed by using spectrophotometer at an absorbance of 585 nm. Laccase, manganese peroxidase and pH were served as biodegradation indices. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and gas chromatography mass...
May 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Screening of hydrocarbon degrading fungi in crude oil polluted soil isolated in the Niger Delta
Bioremediation has been argued to be cheaper and more environmental friendly when compared to other remediation technology. Bioremediation make use of the ability of bacteria and fungi to biodegrade organic compound to cleanup hydrocarbon pollution. Many fungi have been shown to biodegrade simple and complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. In this study, petroleum hydrocarbon degrading fungi have been isolated and...
May 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Combining ability assessment in Helianthus annuus L. through line × tester analysis for quantitative traits and quality parameters
The cross combinations of different lines and testers (L×T) for high yielding sunflower (Helianthus annuus) hybrids were evaluated. Plant materials were utilized by L×T mating design of 7 lines and 3 testers and their 21 hybrids were sown in the field during 2015 autumn season in RCBD design with 3 replications. Genetic variability, general combing ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) among...
May 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Genetic variability and diversity studies in Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) genotypes based on cluster analysis using agronomic and quality traits in Southern Ethiopia
Genetic diversity is worthwhile for durum wheat breeding and consequently results in production of more efficient varieties under different conditions. Cluster analysis based on Euclidean distances was carried out with 21 durum wheat genotypes to assess the genetic diversity for agronomic and quality traits. The Unweighted Pair Group Average using Arithmetic Mean as linkage rule was used for the analysis of the...
May 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Post-harvest evaluation of selected inbred lines to maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais resistance
Maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) is a major maize (Zea mays L.) storage insect pest in the tropics which reduces the quantity and quality of maize hence facilitating establishment of aflatoxin and other mycotoxins. The objective of this study was to evaluate maize weevil resistance on selected inbred lines. Twenty eight inbred lines with 2 checks (MTPO701-reistant and Duma 41-susceptible) were used in this...
May 2018
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium bovis in Jalisco, Mexico: Tracing back sources of infection
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease of cattle that presents risk to public health, causing severe economic losses to the livestock industry and difficulty in eradication because of its complex epidemiology. The aim of this study was to identify relationships between Mycobacterium bovis strains from cattle in the State of Jalisco, and those of other States of México. Molecular fingerprints of 337 M. bovis...
May 2018
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Prevalence of bovine of schistosomosis in and around Nekemte, East Wollega zone, Western Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2016 to May 2016 at Guto Gida District, Nekemte, Ethiopia to determine the prevalence of bovine schistosomosis. Simple random sampling method was used to select the study animals and sedimentation technique was applied for finding Schistosoma eggs from fresh fecal samples. Out of 384 fecal samples examined, 22 were found positive indicating an overall prevalence of 5.7%...
May 2018
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Status of mange infestation in indigenous sheep and goats and their control practices in Wag-Himra zone, Ethiopia
A cross sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to April 2017 to estimate the status of mange infestation in indigenous sheep and goats and identify the major species of mites and potential risk factors in selected districts with different agro-ecological zones of Wag-Himra zone. In addition, a questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the awareness and control practices of livestock owners on mange...
May 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Technical evaluation of soil and water conservation measures in Maego Watershed, North Ethiopia
Soil and water conservation (SWC) practices have been carried out to solve land degradation problems in Ethiopia since the last 3 decades. Technical evaluation of the implemented SWC structures is essential for effectiveness and sustainability of the measures. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify and evaluate the technical quality of constructed physical SWC structures in Maego watershed, Ethiopia. The...
May 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Determination of cadmium, chromium and lead in four brands of herbal bitters preparation sold in Benin- city, Southern Nigeria
This study evaluated the level of three toxic heavy metals (cadmium, chromium and lead) in four selected brands of herbal bitter preparations sold in Benin City, Southern Nigeria purchased from chemists' shops, using the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric technique. The result of the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) analysis showed that Chromium (Cr) was not detected in any of the four brands. Lead (Pb)...
May 2018
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Impact of productive safety net program in rural community of Ethiopia: A review study
Ethiopia lunched Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) as social protection program since 2005 to tackle the causes of food insecurity. Even though, the country lunched the PSNP there are different challenges that hinder proper implementation of program for attaining intended impact on rural community. This paper seeks to review the impact of Ethiopia’s PSNP and its implementation challenges through qualitative...
May 2018
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Pollinator habitat: A cooperative project between the landfill industry and blueberry growers
Bee decline is a threat worldwide. An extension project was initiated to make the general public, industry, and municipalities aware of this problem. This study demonstrated pollinator habitat suitable for Maine farms by developing cooperation between the Maine wild blueberry industry and a regional commercial waste landfill. The reason for involving the landfill industry was to demonstrate and encourage non-farm...
May 2018
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Farmers’ knowledge and practice of organic vegetable cultivation: A field level study of two villages
from Bangladesh
The study aimed to determine farmers’ knowledge and practice regarding organic vegetable cultivation as well as to ascertain farmers’ awareness concerning health and environmental aspects. The study was conducted at two villages of Kishoregonj District. The selected villages were Shadullar Char and Borobag Char. The total number of household was 800 in two villages. Among them 400 households were randomly...
May 2018
African Journal of Plant Science
Evaluation of chemical, botanical and cultural management options of termite in Tanqua Abergelle district, Ethiopia
The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of botanical, chemical and cultural methods on the management of termite in seedling beds of hot pepper in Tanqua Abergelle district of Sheka Tekli during 2015-2016. The experiment comprised of treatments including Neem Leaf extract, wood ash, Dursban and control and each treatment was applied at 40 kg ha-1, 10000 kg ha-1, and 0.5 L ha-1 respectively. The experiment was...
May 2018
African Journal of Plant Science
Response of onion (Allium cepa l.) to deficit irrigation under different furrow irrigation water management techniques in Raya Valley, Northern Ethiopia
Scarcity of water is the most severe constraint for development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas. Under this condition, the need to use the available water economically and efficiently is unquestionable. Based on the actual crop need, irrigation management has to be improved so that the water supply to the crop can be reduced while still achieving high yield. A field experiment was carried out at Mehoni...
May 2018
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Ethnopharmacological studies of plants used for the treatment of rheumatic affections in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Plants are a considerable source of active substances which are exploited in the treatment of several diseases, among which are rheumatic affections. This study aimed to explore the knowledge of traditional practitioners and patients on medicinal plant species of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, used for the treatment of rheumatic affections. Direct interviews with open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires were used to...
May 2018
African Journal of Plant Science
Comparative effects of newly introduced and adopted chemical N and P fertilizers on wheat growth, yield and yield components
Soil fertility decline is one of the prime factors contributing to low productivity of crops and food insecurity in Ethiopia. To alleviate this problem and achieve maximum yield, identifying suitable agronomic inputs such as N and P types in wheat production systems is very important. The aim of this study was therefore, to estimate the effects of different N and P fertilizer types and rates on growth, yield and yield...
May 2018
Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research
Post-harvest evaluation of selected hybrids to maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais resistance
Sitophilus zeamais has been identified as one of the most destructive pests of maize stored in tropical regions. While most maize hybrids are being developed, it is necessary to evaluate their resistance to this pest. This study determined the resistance of selected maize hybrids to infestation by S. zeamais. Twenty two hybrids with varying resistance to weevil infestation and two checks DUMA 41-suceptible and...
May 2018
Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research
Efficacy of solvent extracts of Calpurnia aurea (Ait.) Benth and Milletia ferruginea (Hochest) Baker leaves against maize weevils, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) of stored maize in Ethiopia
Distilled water, acetone and ethanol (polar solvent) extracts from 20 g/100 ml and 30 g/100 ml levels of extraction of Calpurnia aurea and Milletia ferruginea were tested as protectant against maize weevils in maize grains under laboratory condition. They were applied at a rate of 10 and 15% (w/v) in admixture bioassays from both of the aforementioned extraction levels. Parental weevil’s mortality, F1 progeny...
May 2018
Journal of Petroleum Technology and Alternative Fuels
Biodiesel potentials of two phenotypes of Cyperus esculentus unconventional oils
Two varieties of Cyperus esculentus, identified by their phenotype (black or yellow) were collected from Benin. To investigate their biodiesel profiles, the roots were extracted with hexane. Physicochemical properties and fuel profiles of obtained oils (YCE and BCE, respectively Yellow C. esculentus and Black C. esculentus) were determined by following standards methods. Although the major physicochemical properties...
May 2018
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Zooplankton communities as an indicator of ecosystem productivity in Lake Tinishu Abaya, Rift Valley, Ethiopia
The ultimate objective of this study was, to explore community structure and biomass of zooplankton in relation to key environmental drivers to bear out the productivity of Lake Tinishu Abaya. Zooplankton samples collection was carried out for a year from January to December 2016 from two sampling sites (open and shore) using 30 µm mesh size net within the euphotic depth. Biomass of zooplankton was anticipated...
May 2018
International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
Children’s perspectives of their psychosocial well-being in Tanzanian orphanages
The aim of this study was to explore factors affecting the wellbeing of institutionalized orphaned children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A descriptive qualitative study was used to collect data from Tanzanian orphaned children receiving orphanage care. Purposive sampling was employed to select 10 orphanage centers from which 123 orphaned children were recruited. A semi-structured interview guide relevant to the study...
May 2018
International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies
Longitudinal changes among adolescents`well-being at school and the importance of gender and overweight
The experience of well-being at school, both in the recesses and at school lessons, is of great importance for all students. The Norwegian school laws confirm that every student has the right to experience well-being at school, which will lead to healthiness and good learning. Literature search indicates that there is a lack of longitudinal studies in relation to the development of students` well-being at recesses and...
May 2018
Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology
Prevalence, intensity and major species of gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha District, Central Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence, intensity and risk factors of major gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha district, Central Ethiopia. A total of 525 faecal samples were co-prologically examined for gastrointestinal parasites infections. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) parasite infestation was high (98.67%), with females more infested...
May 2018
International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies
Administrative challenges and principals’ managerial effectiveness in Ogun State public secondary schools
This study examined administrative challenges and principals’ managerial effectiveness in Ogun State secondary schools. The study population was 13,123 teachers in the state’s secondary schools from which a sample of 900 teachers was drawn from 35 schools using simple random and proportionate random sampling techniques. A self-developed instrument tagged Administrative Challenges and Principals’...
May 2018
Journal of AIDS and HIV Research
Barriers of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV/AIDS infected persons in Nekemte referral Hospital, East Wollega, Oromia Regional State, Western Ethiopia, 2017
Adherence is engagement and accurate participation of an informed patient in a plan of care. A combination of factors:-the relationships between the patient and the provider, medication issues, psychological status, and structural issues can impede adherence efforts. The objectives were to assess barriers of adherence to antiretroviral drugs (ART) among Human immunodeficiency virus or Acquired immunodeficiency Syndrome...
May 2018
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Selected physicochemical properties and quality of soils around some rivers of Cameroon
Rivers Wouri and Meme feed the Wouri and Rio del Rey mangroves of Cameroon, respectively. This study examined the physicochemical properties of soils that were collected around the vicinity of these rivers. This was to ascertain the former’s role in controlling the movement of chemical entities into these rivers and nutrient quality. Twenty-one surface soil samples were collected (0-20 cm depth) within the...
May 2018
Journal of Geography and Regional Planning
Urbanization and the environment: The debate and evidence from two new cities in Nigeria
The rate of urbanization has been increasing rapidly since the second half of the 20th century. The impact urbanization has on the environment has attracted considerable attention. The viewpoints on the impact and the experience in Nigeria, particularly in the two new cities of Abuja and Yenagoa, are analyzed. The data collection involves an extensive review of literature, consultation of government documents and...
May 2018
Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development
Implementation of stewardship in African agricultural public research and development institutions
The commercial use of biotech crops developed using genetic modification (GM) technologies is very limited in sub-Saharan African agriculture. Efforts are on-going to address this. The need to implement best practices in stewardship to support the responsible and safe management of agricultural biotechnology and maintain the highest research standards on product integrity have received less attention. A pioneering...
May 2018
International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
Evidence based nursing practice and associated factors among nurses working in Jimma zone public hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia
In spite of all the various programs and strategies to promote the use of research finding, there is still gap between theory and practice. A number of studies from various countries have reported that nurses’ experience of evidence-based practice is low. In Ethiopia, there is an information gap on the extent of evidence based nursing practice and its associated factors. The study aims to assess the implementation...
May 2018
Journal of African Studies and Development
Survival strategies and livelihood diversification of Ileje Migrants in Mbozi District, Southern Tanzania
This paper attempts to examine survival strategies and livelihood diversification of migrants in Mbozi district, southern Tanzania. A total of 551 heads of households were involved in this study. The study used both quantitative and qualitative techniques in collecting and analysing data where household questionnaire, in-depth interviews, field observations, focus group discussions and documentary review were used as...
May 2018
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences
Organochlorine pesticides contamination in human milk in Abidan (Côte d’Ivoire)
Organochlorine pesticides belong to the class of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They are deeply involved in environmental issues and represent a real threat for human health. The aim of this study was to assess the level of organochlorine pesticides contamination in human milk through two studies of POPs biomonitoring performed in 2010 and 2015 in Côte d'Ivoire. Primiparous breastfeeding mothers...
Page 4 of 1126, showing 50 records out of 56251 total, starting on record 151, ending on 200
