• 2017 May

• Field application of adding formate salts exertion on the water based drilling fluid properties enhancement: an experimental comparative analysis

Abstract

Due to the fact that there is a wide range of drilling fluids, it is difficult to discuss drilling fluid composition that is completely accurate for all mud types in all drilling situations. The approach taken here is description of drilling fluids as two-phase systems. Formate base fluids have been utilized in a wide variety of drilling operations in terms of its applicant and lower expenses rather other fluids. These... Read more.

• 2016 May

• Removal of free fatty acids in neem oil using diphenylamine functionalized magnetic mesoporous silica SBA-15 for biodiesel production

Abstract

Biodiesel is produced from edible/non-edible plants oil. However, alkaline transesterification of these oils makes the process challenging due to the presence of large amount of free fatty acids (FFA), which forms soap on reaction with alkali. Hence, it is necessary to reduce FFA present so that alkaline catalyzed transesterification can be carried out. In this work, biodiesel fuel was produced using diphenylamine... Read more.

• 2016 Apr

• Effects of biofuel production on selected local Communities in Nigeria

Abstract

Biofuel is gradually being adopted as alternative to fossil fuel in the use for automotive, thermal and power generation. The Nigerian Policy on biofuel introduced in 2007 expresses the national biofuel production programme. However, problems associated with production and uses arise from the effects on arable land and staple foods, which if diverted for production, have vast diverse effects, depending on the people,... Read more.

• 2016 Mar

• Physico-chemical characteristics of Pakistani used engine oils

Abstract

In this study, physicochemical characteristics of Pakistani fresh and used monograde (SAE-40, SAE-50) and multigrade (SAE-20W/50) engine oils have been studied. The samples were analyzed for specific gravity at 60/60°F, kinematic viscosity at 100 and 40°C, kinematic viscosity index, pour point, flash point, total base number, copper strip corrosion and sulphur contents following the ASTM (American Society of... Read more.

• 2016 Jan

• Temperature programme reduction (TPR) studies of cobalt phases in γ-alumina supported cobalt catalysts

Abstract

Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) is one of the techniques for obtaining information about phases or bulk species in heterogeneous catalysts. Information from TPR analysis can give insights about phase-support interaction and extent of reduction of the phases at different temperatures. TPR technique is a common tool in the characterisation of cobalt based Fischer-Tropsch (FT) catalysts. However, interpretation of... Read more.

• 2015 Mar

• The effects of the volatile oil-gas ratio on reserve estimation (GMBE versus CMBE) in undersaturated volumetric reservoirs

Abstract

This work presents a general, straight-line method to estimate the original oil and gas in-place in a reservoir without restrictions on fluid composition. All past efforts are applicable to only restricted ranges of reservoir fluids. The work supersedes these and it is applicable to the full range of reservoir fluids-including volatile-oils and gas-condensates. The work is based on the new generalized... Read more.

• 2015 Feb

• A review of biodiesel generation from non edible seed oils crop using non conventional heterogeneous catalysts

Abstract

The focus of this review is on the use of non-conventional heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel synthesis. The review is based on published works that have utilized these non-conventional catalysts for biodiesel synthesis with very good biodiesel yield. The non-conventional catalysts under consideration in this review are those obtained majorly from egg shells. These materials are generally waste materials which... Read more.

• 2014 Dec

• Effect on naphtha and residue yield through different operating and design variables in atmospheric distillation column

Abstract

HYSYS process modeling software was used to analyze the effect of number of trays, feed tray position, and reflux ratio on naphtha and also on atmospheric residue yield. Analysis of data showed that liquid volume percentage yield of naphtha decreased with number of trays and reflux ratio increased. Whereas, in atmospheric residue, the yield increased with the number of trays and the reflux ratio decreased. In addition,... Read more.

• 2014 Oct

• Simulation and characterization in the refining industry: A review

Abstract

Oil refining is one of the most complex chemical industries; the objective of refinery operations is to generate as much profit as possible by converting crude oils into valuable products. The current trend toward processing petroleum needs sufficient compositional information to understand the chemistry of reactions that are involved. The objective of the present paper is to review the simulation technologies and... Read more.

• 2014 Aug

• Ultrasonication of H-MOR zeolite catalysts for dimethylether (DME) production as a clean fuel

Abstract

All important effective ultrasonication variables encountered during carrying out the dehydration of methanol on H-MOR zeolite catalysts to produce dimethylether are studied in the present communication. These variables include; (a) the type of ultrasonication media, (b) the ultrasonication period, and (c) the volume of the ultrasonication liquid media per a given weight of the solid zeolite catalyst. Scanning electron... Read more.

• 2014 Feb

• Optimization of Gossypium arboreum seed oil biodiesel production by central composite rotatable model of response surface methodology and evaluation of its fuel properties

Abstract

The need for green based technologies to provide both affordable and environmentally sustainable energy and the ever increasing energy demand of the nations across the globe has led the way for economy based energy research. In this research work, Gossypium arboreum seed oil biodiesel production was optimized using a five-level-three-factor central composite rotatable design model of response surface methodology to... Read more.

• 2013 Nov

• Methanol and glyceride contents of Egunsi melon oil, its biodiesel and blends with diesel fuel

Abstract

Biodiesel is gradually being accepted worldwide as suitable alternative fuel for diesel engine. Rigorous purification is however required to meet the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and European Union (EU) standards for biodiesel because of unfavorable properties and the multitude of feed stocks with different properties that can be used. Two of such impurities that must be kept within limits are... Read more.

• 2013 Nov

• Effect of hydrogen and gasoline fuel blend on the performance of SI engine

Abstract

This paper presents the effects of introducing hydrogen with gasoline on the engine performance like power, torque and efficiency of spark ignition (SI) engine. Hydrogen is found to be one of the important energy substitutes of the future era. Hydrogen as a renewable energy source provides the potential for a sustainable development, particularly in the automotive and energy storing sector. Hydrogen driven vehicles... Read more.

• 2013 Nov

• Numerical investigations on the use of waste animal fats as fuel on DI diesel engine

Abstract

Biodiesel is a promising alternative to petroleum-based diesel fuel because it is renewable and its extensive use in unmodified engines has proved to be very successful. However, its future use may be limited by the higher oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions that are typically generated relative to petroleum diesel. This paper deals with the numerical investigations on the use of Waste Animal Fat (WAF) as alternative... Read more.

• 2013 Sep

• Performance test of palm fatty acid biodiesel on compression ignition engine

Abstract

  Vegetable oil causes problem when used as fuel in compression ignition engines. This problem is due to high viscosity and low volatility of vegetable oils, which can be minimized by the process of trans-esterification. The relatively high cost of refined vegetable oils render the resulting fuels unable to compete with petroleum derived fuel. To reduce the cost of biodiesel a relatively low cost palm... Read more.

• 2013 Jul

• Experimental investigation on compression ignition engine powered by preheated neat jatropha oil

Abstract

  In the present study, the high viscosity of the jatropha curcas oil was decreased by preheating. The effect of fuel inlet temperature on performance of diesel engine is evaluated. A single cylinder, four stroke, constant speed, air cooled, direct injection diesel engine developing a power output of 3.7 kW at 1500 rev/min  typically used in agricultural sector was tested using neat jatropha oil as fuel.... Read more.

• 2013 Jul

• Experimental and theoretical evaluation of the performance parameters and emission characteristics of bio diesel using C.I engine for various injection pressure

Abstract

  Cost and limited reserves of conventional fossil fuels have intensified the search for alternative fuels for use in internal combustion engines. A possible alternative engine fuel is vegetable oil because it is a clean burning, renewable, non-toxic, biodegradable and environmentally friendly transportation fuel. It can be used in a neat form without any modification of the engine. Vegetable oils are produced... Read more.

• 2013 Jun

• Improved efficiency of CNG using Hydrogen in Spark Ignition Engine

Abstract

  Experimental investigations carried out on a single-cylinder four-stroke motorcycle spark ignition engine operating on gasoline and natural gas are reported in the present paper when compressed natural gas (CNG) and hydrogen were used as fuel. The investigations were carried out by mixing a small percentage of hydrogen (5 to 30%) with CNG and supplied to the engine. Hydrogen and CNG were mixed in a developed... Read more.

• 2013 Jun

• A miscible CO2 injection project and evaluation in Daqing, China

Abstract

  The paper introduces the entire process for a CO2 injection in the Fang-48 Group, Daiqng Oilfield. A study using experiment and full-field reservoir modeling investigated and optimized the design of a CO2 miscible flooding project for Fang-48 Group, Daqing. It began with extensive data gathering in the field and building a full-field three-dimensional geologic model. A full field simulation model... Read more.

• 2013 May

• Wood fuel consumption in Nigeria and the energy ladder: A review of fuel wood use in Kaduna State

Abstract

  Rural areas of developing countries are very dependent on biomass fuels such as wood fuel and dried dung for their energy consumption. Wood fuel as a source of energy plays a vital role in household energy requirements, due to increasing economic hardship in the country, many people are finding it increasingly difficult to afford conventional fuels in Nigeria. Wood fuel in Kaduna State is the most highly... Read more.