Sonographic quantification of basal gastric antral area, gastric motility and gastric emptying time of a liquid meal in healthy subjects: A pilot study
May 2013
This study was designed to sonographically measure the basal gastric antral area, gastric motility and gastric emptying time of a standardized meal in healthy Nigerian subjects. The gastric antral area was measured pre-prandially using the antero-posterior and the longitudinal diameters in 24 healthy subjects. These measurements were repeated every 5 min after the ingestion of liquid meals for 30 min. The gastric basal...
Effectiveness of dry Moringa oleifera leaf powder in treatment of anaemia
May 2013
This study evaluated the effectiveness of dry Moringa oleifera leaf powder in the management of anaemia in adult albino rats. The proximate, mineral, vitamin and phytochemical composition of dry M. oleifera leaf powder were analysed. Twelve adult albino rats grouped into three were used. Cyclophosphamide was used to induce anaemia into them. The percentage proximate values were protein (26.28%), ash...
Evaluation of the incidences of dermatophillic infection in Rajastahan: Case studies from Rajasthan, India
May 2013
Dermatophytosis accounts for the majority of fungal skin diseases. Sixty (60) case studies (45 males and 16 females) of dermatophyte infection were carried out. Out of the 60 cases, 13% cases were healthy and 87% cases were found infected with one or more fungi. In 95% of cases, the fungal species recovered were from the infected symptomatic area like inflammatory lesions redness, dry patches itching, flaky rings, and...
Analyzing long-term mortality among female alcoholics and matched controls: Accounting for age and follow-up time
May 2013
Studies focusing on mortality data use a wide variation of strategies for data analyses, making comparison between studies difficult. The research problems focus upon different statistical analyses of mortality among patients and matched controls regarding clustered data and relations over different levels of age and follow-up time. Four hundred and twenty (420) treated female alcoholics were compared to...
Maternal and neonatal seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in a hospital based population in South-South, Nigeria
May 2013
Despite the existence of a safe and effective vaccine, Nigeria has remained a hyper-endemic area for hepatitis B virus infection, with estimated 12% of the total population being chronic carriers. Vertical transmission is an important route of transmission for hepatitis B virus infection. Neonates who contact hepatitis B virus infection will have an almost 90% risk of developing chronic hepatitis B surface antigen...
Successful pregnancy outcome in a woman with myasthenia gravis: Case report and literature review
April 2013
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an acquired neuromuscular autoimmune condition that presents clinically with weakness and fatigue of the skeletal muscles. The case described here is a multidisciplinary management of a 28 yr old primigravida with myasthenia gravis. Although pregnancy with an uneventful course and a good outcome frequently is possible in women who have MG, there are many challenging therapeutic...
Spectrum of dysentery in children presenting to a tertiary level teaching hospital in New Delhi
April 2013
Dysentery accounts for significant morbidity in pediatric population with a high case fatality rate, if left untreated. Further, the easy availability of antibiotics has led to widespread emergence of resistant strains. The aims of this study were: (1) to study the clinical spectrum of dysentery in children, and (2) to determine various enteropathogens causing dysentery in children. 60 children in the age group 1 month...
A community trial of Pinak® medicine in the management of snakebite cases in a rural setting of Western Maharashtra, India
April 2013
Narodi is a hilly village which has a small river also. Hence, snakebite incidence is more. In 2006 and 2007, there were 17 deaths in a population of 6,000. By cleaning the village (cutting grass in and around the village), and health education, gradually snakebite incidence reduced. But we introduced ‘Pinak tablet’ with the hope of reducing deaths due to snakebite. Records of snakebite events also...
Efficacy of digital remote tel-system for stroke patients in Taiwan
April 2013
The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of digital remote tel-system program on stroke patients in Taiwan. Pre-experimental design with convenience sampling was used in this study. A total of 91 participants were recruited with two questionnaires (demographic and SF-36) used. The results showed the quality of life improved significantly after the digital remote tel-system program. The need of home based...
Autism: An epigenomic side-effect of excessive exposure to electromagnetic fields
April 2013
Autism is a disorder which mainly involves the nervous system. It is characterized by lack of communication, incoherent language and meaningless repetitive movements. Its onset is in early childhood and its incidence has been reported to be increasing. Several genes and environmental factors have been implicated in the causation of autism, and electromagnetic fields may be one of those environmental factors....
Oral cancer: The Nigerian experience
April 2013
Oral cancer is one of the ten most common cancers worldwide and the five years survival rate is still disappointingly low. The incidence of oral cancer varies from different regions of the world with highest rates reported in the South-east Asia especially in India where oral cancer accounts for 15 - 40% of cancers and is the most common cancer in men. Although, tobacco and alcohol use are the most important risk...
Cancer of the cervix and cervical screening: Current knowledge, attitude and practices of female health workers in Sokoto, Nigeria
April 2013
This descriptive cross sectional study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practices of female health workers at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto with respect to cervical cancer Pap smear screening. A multistage sampling method was used to select a total of 240 subjects. Data was collected using a set of structured, self administered questionnaire which sought information on socio-demographic...
Increase of Bcl-2/Bax ratio corelated with decrease of lymphocyte apoptosis: A study in the bronchiolus and lung of asthmatic mice
April 2013
The failure of lymphocyte apoptosis is one of the factors causing chronic airway inflammation in asthma. Some studies indicate the role of Bcl-2 in inhibition of lymphocyte apoptosis, but still little research is on the role of Bax and its relationship to Bcl-2 in asthma. The purpose of this study was to prove the role of Bcl-2-lymphocyte in inhibition of lymphocyte apoptosis and decrease in Bax-lymphocytes in...
Psychogenic activation phenomenon of specific anti-tumor immunity in cancer patients
April 2013
The present study aimed to identify the influence of the mind on specific anti-tumor immunity of cancer patients. The study involved 90 cancer patients (78 women and 12 men) with 18 various types of cancer. The presence of psychogenic medical history before diagnosis of cancer was the basic criterion of cancer patients selection for this study. The psychometric parameters, quality of...
Prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 infection in Iranian patients with hematological malignancies
April 2013
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is a gamma-herpesvirus linked causally to Kaposi’s sarcoma and many malignancies such as multicentric Castleman’s disease, primary effusion lymphoma, some lymphoproliferative diseases and post transplantation bone marrow failure. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HHV-8 infection in patients with malignant hematological diseases. From September, 2009 to...
NBIC technology: The next step for research in Medical Sciences
April 2013
Isolated cleft of the anteroir leaflet of the mitral valve: Case report in a nine month old boy at Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Niger Delta, Nigeria
March 2013
Isolated cleft of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve is the occurence of mitral cleft without ostium primum or ostio seccundum defect and it is rare. We present a nine month old boy who presented in our clinic with a two month history of fast breathing, cough, and loss of weight. He was found not to be cyanosed but pale, tachypnoeaic, dyspnoeaic with basal crepitations. Cadiovascular system examination...
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: Two cases and literature review
March 2013
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare aggressive tumor arising from the mesothelial lining of the peritoneum. Only 20 to 30% of all mesotheliomas arise from the peritoneum itself. In the present paper, 2 cases of MPM were discussed, in light of the literature review. One of the cases is a 73 years old male admitted with complaints of abdominal swelling and ascites. Peritoneal biopsy was reported as...
Faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing commensal Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli from hospital out-patients in Southern Nigeria
March 2013
Normal intestinal microflora is the major source from which common hospital- and community-acquired infections originate. This study aimed to determine faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactam (ESBL) resistant genes from commensals of out-patients in Nigeria. Non-duplicateKlebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli from different hospitals were investigated for susceptibility to a panel...
Status of urinary schistosomiasis among primary school children in Abeokuta, Nigeria
March 2013
A study was carried out to determine the current status of urinary schistosomiasis on 552 pupils from seven primary schools in Abeokuta North and Abeokuta South Local Government Areas of Ogun State, Nigeria using haematuria and parasitological tests. Males that complied were 75% to 25% females. Children within the age-group of 10 to 14 years were more (65%) when compared with other age groups. Out of the 552 samples...
Percutaneous bone marrow grafting in delayed union and non-union
March 2013
Percutaneous bone marrow injection is a simpler method of performing autologous bone grafting with less morbidity than standard technique. Autologous bone grafting has been a standard operative method used for the treatment of delayed union and non-union for decades but has been associated with numerous complications. In recent times, percutaneous bone marrow grafting has emerged as a successful alternative to...
Correlation between elevated homocysteine levels and insulin resistance in infertile women with or without polycystic ovary syndrome in North Indian population
March 2013
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting about 5 to 10% women of reproductive age group worldwide. This study was designed to examine the relationship between elevated homocysteine levels and insulin resistance (IR) in infertile women with or without PCOS. This cross sectional case control study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pathology and Medicine,...
Safety and effectiveness of BIAsp 30 treatment: Data from the Moroccan cohort of the A1chieve study
March 2013
This sub-analysis aimed to determine the safety and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart30 (BIAsp30) therapy in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from Morocco as a part of the global, 24-week, non-interventional A1chieve study. A total of 770 Moroccan T2D patients, both insulin-naïve patients and prior insulin users, who started BIAsp 30 therapy at their physicians’ discretion, were included. Baseline...
Efficacy of praziquantel for the treatment of schistosomiasis in Ethiopia
March 2013
Schistosomiasis is a tropical disease caused by blood-dwelling fluke of the genus Schistosoma. The main schistosomes infecting human beings are: Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, and Schistosoma japonicum. Schistosoma intercalatum and Schistosoma mekongi are only of local importance. Two clinical forms of human schistosomiasis occur in Ethiopia: S....
Liaison of tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection in the progression to AIDS: Prognostic value of cluster differentiation 4 (CD4+) cell as marker of disease progression
March 2013
This biphasic study investigated the prevalence and co-infection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) along major transport routes of Enugu State; their consortium in active HIV disease and the role of cluster differentiation 4 (CD4) cells and other haematologic parameters as markers of HIV progression. Prevalence and co-infection with HIV and TB were studied in the preliminary phase (Phase 1:...
Technician capability for blood screening in hospitals of Islamabad
March 2013
The study was conducted with the objective to access the technician capability for blood screening in hospitals of Islamabad. The parameters pertaining to technicians’ capability under investigation were; qualification, skills, experience, on job training, knowledge and capability to use microscope, centrifuge and computers. The results of the study revealed that the technician capability for blood screening in...
A retrospective study on the outcomes of tuberculosis treatment in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
February 2013
In this study, we investigated the outcomes of tuberculosis treatment at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital in northwest Ethiopia. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), treatment outcome is an important indicator for tuberculosis (TB) prevention and control programme. We analyzed the records of 756 tuberculosis patients registered for treatment in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital from January, 2010 to...
Sex differences in the cranial and orbital indices for a black Kenyan population
February 2013
Craniometric parameters including cranial and orbital indices have been employed to determine the sex of a person in forensic medicine. These parameters are usually population specific. However, they have not been documented for a black Kenyan population. This study aimed at calculating the sex differences in the cranial and orbital indices. The cranial vault height, glabellomaximal length and orbital height and length...
Validation of pharmacokinetic model of propofol in Indian population
February 2013
The pharmacokinetics of propofol has been evaluated extensively in a variety of patients groups after either bolus doses or continuous infusions. Presently there are multiple models available based on western data including China. So far, the pharmacokinetics of propofol has not been studied in the Indian population. With this background we planned to evaluate pharmacokinetics of propofol in Indian patients which...
Application of area to point Kriging to breast cancer incidence in Ashanti Region of Ghana
February 2013
This paper provides a spatial analysis of breast cancer incidence in the Ashanti region area during the period of 2010 to 2011. Breast cancer disease has prevalence in Ghana particularly in the major cities including Ashanti region. Geographical units vary in shape and size and incidence count is non homogeneous in nature. For this reason, assigned area to point kriging approach is adopted as methodology. There is...
Retrospective incidence of wound infections and antibiotic sensitivity pattern: A study conducted at the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
February 2013
Infection continues to be a major complication of wounds with significant increase in costs, morbidity and potential mortality. Retrospective study of incidences of wound infection and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in patients that visited Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria, which involved the analysis of the medical records of 651 patients diagnosed from April, 2009 to September, 2010, was carried out....
Importance of diet on disease prevention
February 2013
Over the last decades, a considerable body of evidence supported the hypothesis that diet and dietary factors play a relevant role in the occurrence of diseases. To date, all the major scientific associations as well as the World Health Organization, scientific and non-scientific organizations place an ever-increasing emphasis on the role of diet in the strategies able to prevent noncommunicable diseases. Many...
Giant aortic arch thrombus, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) A1298C heterozygous gene mutation, smoking and hormonal replacement therapy
February 2013
We report the case of a mobile aortic arch thrombus possibly induced by the combination of postmenopausal hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) and cigarette smoking in a woman with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) A1298C mutation. No other cause for her illness could be identified despite an extensive laboratory work-up for thrombophilic state. Surgical exploration showed the floating aortic arch thrombus...
Intestinal parasitism in school children periodically treated with albendazole in 2 sampling periods
February 2013
This transversal study estimated the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in school children twice yearly treated by the national campaign of albendazole during two consecutive years in Northwestern Mexico. 450 and 389 children showed prevalences of 46 and 35% for intestinal parasites, 42 and 30% for protozoa, and 11 and 12% for helminths in 2005 and 2006, respectively.Giardia...
Lercanidipine effect on polymorphonuclear leukocyte-related inflammation and insulin resistance in essential hypertension patients
February 2013
Inflammation, insulin resistance and oxidative stress (OS), are among the mechanisms that have been implicated in pathogenesis of essential hypertension (EH). Peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) are primed in EH patients, releasing uncontrolled superoxide anion contributing to OS in these patients. PMNL priming correlates with insulin resistance and with PMNL intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i). Recent studies...
Serum albumin as a rough guide to the assessment of nutritional status of hospitalized patients: A study from Zaria, Northern Nigeria
February 2013
Several studies have revealed that malnutrition is a common finding in hospitalized patients. The situation in our hospitals is not known. The objective of the present study was to compare serum albumin (ALB) among hospitalized, out-patients and apparently healthy subjects, with a view to assessing its status during hospitalization. Serum ALB concentrations were measured each in 50 of hospitalized and out-patients, as...
Health effects of lead exposure among Jua Kali (informal sector) workers in Mombasa, Kenya: A case study of the “Express†Jua Kali workers
January 2013
The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of lead exposure among the Jua Kali workers. Correlation study: relationship between lead exposure and its effects on blood lead levels (BLL), kidney function and haemoglobin levels between the lead-exposed versus the lead un-exposed workers. 162 adult Jua Kali workers participated. Out of 119 exposed workers, 8 (6.72%) were aware of lead while only 3 of them (2.5%)...
Descriptive study of cholelithiasis with chemical constituents’ analysis of gallstones from patients living in Baghdad, Iraq
January 2013
The aim of this study was to describe the main clinical features of patients with cholelithiasis, and chemical analysis of stone in relevance to development of gallstone formation. The total number of patients with gallstone in this study was 75 (66 females and 9 males). The ratio of females: males was (7.3:1), this high ratio may be due to multiple factors, including high percentage of multiparity (63.64%), the use of...
Antibacterial effects of crude extract of Azadirachta indica against Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Staphylococcus aureus
January 2013
Most agents used by humans in the treatment of diseases are of plant origin. Azadirachta indica(neem) is a tree which has been found to possess antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour properties and is also used as a pesticide. In this work, antibacterial effect of methanolic and aqueous extracts of the stem bark of A. indica was determined using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC),...
Lactational amenorrhoea method of contraception: An in-depth study of awareness, knowledge and practice by breast feeding mothers with unintended pregnancies
January 2013
This study assessed the awareness, knowledge and practice of lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) of post partum contraception among breast feeding mothers of 18 to 40 years of age with unintended pregnancies. It was a cross-sectional, multicenter survey of seventy one breast feeding mothers with unintended pregnancies who visited these health centers for antenatal care within the study period. These women had been...
Severe benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome followed by anesthesia in elderly patient: A rare case report
January 2013
Benzodiazepine dependence is a potentially clinically serious condition and its withdrawal syndrome is complex and often protracted in time course. However, the relationship between anesthesia and benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome is unclear. Here, we presented a 79 year-old-female who had the history of major depression and had taken hypnotic benzodiazepines for five years. The patient received total hip replacement...
Oculocutaneous albinism and skin cancer in Calabar, Southern Nigeria
January 2013
Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a congenital condition causing hypo pigmentation of the hair, skin, and eyes. Albinism and solar radiation are established risk factors for skin cancer, the commonest being squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck in black Africans. We present four OCA patients with histologic diagnosis of skin cancer presented to the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital from January, 2007...
Effect of cardiopulmonary physiotherapy on lung parameters in mechanically ventilated neonates
December 2012
Studies done in the past on cardiopulmonary physiotherapy in neonates, have not fully laid enough evidence, and several limitations have been quoted. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chest physiotherapy, including suctioning on lung dynamics and lobar atelectasis. The secondary objectives were to explore sessions required to resolve collapse and the use of a detailed and replicable...
Tracheobronchopatia osteochondroplastica: An underdiagnosed central airway disease
December 2012
In the population of patients who do not smoke, do not take an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, and have a normal chest radiograph, upper airway cough syndrome, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux disease and chronic bronchitis are responsible for approximately 99% of cases of chronic cough. The diagnosis is often based upon the patient’s response to empiric therapy; nevertheless, there still...
Adoption of criteria of blood donors selection for blood screening in hospitals of Islamabad
December 2012
The study was conducted with the objective to determine the adoption of criteria of blood donor selection for blood screening in hospitals of Islamabad, Pakistan. The criteria of blood donor selection were supposed to be based on World Health Organization (WHO) standards and National Health care guidelines. It was observed that blood donors were mostly the relatives of patients....
Genetic susceptibility for type 2 diabetes mellitus among North American Aboriginals
December 2012
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex human disease which has become extremely prevalent among indigenous populations of Canada and the United States in recent decades. T2D is etiologically complex and refers to a group of disparate metabolic diseases, having major genetic and environmental risk factors. It is believed that a combination of genetic susceptibility and lifestyle changes among indigenous people are...
Prevalence of hyperglycaemia, obesity and metabolic syndrome (a three component study) among hospital personnel in the Littoral Region of Cameroon
December 2012
There is evidence worldwide of the high prevalence of obesity, hyperglycemia and metabolic syndrome in health care providers, although very scanty data is available on this in sub Saharan Africa. The present study aims to determine the frequency of diabetes, elevated Body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome among health-care workers in some hospitals and clinics in Douala, Cameroon. An observational and...
Evaluation of the results obtained from isokinetic muscle test in patients with primary fibromyalgia syndrome
December 2012
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the subjective muscle skeleton complaints of patients with fibromyalgia have an objective basis and the usability of muscle test results for diagnosis of fibromyalgia. 20 patients having primer fibromyalgia syndromes (PFS) who conforms to the criteria suggested by the American Rheumatism Association and a control group of 20 healthy people performed isokinetic...
The relationship between job characteristics of emergency medical technicians and scene time in traumatic injuries
November 2012
Scene time (time at the scene) is one of the performance indices for pre-hospital emergency system, and is defined as the time interval in which an emergency technician reaches a scene, provide the emergency medical services, and leaves the scene. The present study was performed to examine the relationship between job characteristics of emergency medical technicians and scene time in traumatic...
Clinical and electrophysiological correlation of patients with chronic renal failure: The contributions of quantitative neurological scores
November 2012
Neuropathy is the most common neurological consequence of uremia and has the scarce symptoms and definition. Therefore the sensitivity/specificity of clinical scores the neuropathy symptom score (NSS) and the neuropathy disability score (NDS) were evaluated for uremic neuropathy in the present study. 38 hemodialysis patients (23 males, 15 females) and 15 age-sex matched healthy subjects were enrolled....
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