Species diversity, habitat association and abundance of avifauna and large mammals in Gonde Teklehimanot and Aresema monasteries in North Gondar, Ethiopia
April 2018
Studies on species composition, distribution and relative abundance of birds and mammals in Gonde Teklehimanot and Aresema Monasteries was carried out from December, 2015 to February, 2016. In these areas, wildlife conservation is directly relevant to the local community, often as a source of livelihood, medicine and spiritual values. To collect data on population status of large mammals, we commenced a line transect...
Effect of forest management approach on household economy and community participation in conservation: A case of Aberdare Forest Ecosystem, Kenya
April 2018
Forest ecosystems are important for ecological and socio-economic wellbeing, particularly for diversification of the livelihoods of adjacent communities. The forest management approach applied in an ecosystem influences availability, access and utilisation of forest products, and community participation in conservation. This study examined the effect of forest management approach on households’ economy and...
Plant diversity analysis for conservation of Afromontane vegetation in socio-ecological mountain landscape of Gurage, South Central Ethiopia
April 2018
The present study was conducted for the conservation and management of vegetation in a socio-ecological mountain landscape through assessment of floristic composition, community types and structure of woody species in the Wabe River catchment of the Gurage Mountains in Ethiopia. The preferential sampling technique was applied to collect floristic and vegetation structure data, and within each plot, woody species...
Mammalwatching: A new source of support for science and conservation
April 2018
During the 20th century, birding evolved from a little-known hobby into a global phenomenon important for ornithology and bird conservation. More recently a similar change has begun for mammalwatching, which is rapidly gaining popularity and is already providing financial support, observational data, diagnostic information, and a volunteer base for mammalogy and mammalian conservation. The study data suggest that...
Impacts of anthropogenic pressures on wildlife in the northern sector of the National Park of Mbam and Djerem, Adamaou Cameroon
March 2018
The study on the assessment of the scale of human pressure on wildlife in the Mbam and Djerem National Park was conducted between December 2012 and April 2013. This evaluation has relied on a review of seven reports ecological monitoring produced by Wildlife Conservation Society between 2006 and 2012, and direct observations. Results show that: the main causes of the reduction of wildlife are poaching (60.5%),...
The effect of land use type on butterfly diversity at Masako Forest Reserve, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo
March 2018
The effect of land use type on butterfly abundance, species richness, and biodiversity was studied at Masako Forest Reserve in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo. The study was conducted in a primary (PF) and secondary forest (SF), fallow (FW), and an agricultural field (AF). Three bait traps were used; each trap had a cylinder consisting of two metal rings of 30.48 cm diameter and 106.68 cm length with a 15.24 cm...
Livestock depredation by wild carnivores in the Eastern Serengeti Ecosystem, Tanzania
March 2018
Livestock losses caused by wild carnivores foster negative attitudes and promote retaliatory killings, threatening the future of carnivore populations. Measures to bring about coexistence between humans and carnivores are of great importance to carnivore conservation. The study questionnaire survey involved 180 respondents from Eastern Serengeti tribes (Maasai and Sonjo), all of which owned livestock. Reported livestock...
Bioprospection of freshwater microalgae from Bonito, MS, Brazil
March 2018
The great biodiversity of the Serra da Bodoquena is the result of years of biological evolution. A complex combination of natural factors allows aquatic plants, fish and invertebrates to coexist in absolutely crystalline water springs. Together, organisms form an intricate web of life, connecting a single-celled microalga with large river predators. For better knowledge of the biodiversity of microalgae, an important...
Impacts of waste on macroinvertebrate assemblages of Msimbazi River, Tanzania
February 2018
The status of waste and its impact on macroinvertebrate assemblages along Msimbazi River was assessed between May 2014 and August 2014. The aim was to identify the type of waste, their potential sources, and the assemblage of macroinvertebrate taxa that have been affected by waste disposal in the river. The study involved field study and laboratory analysis. Results indicated that organic and inorganic waste are the...
Hunting of Preuss’s red colobus (Procolobus preussi) in Korup National Park, Cameroon
February 2018
This study was carried out in Korup Region to investigate the reasons for hunting preuss’s red colobus (PRC) in Korup National Park (KNP) Cameroon in order to contribute to its sustainable management. Questionnaires (open and closed end) were used to gather personal information from hunters on different hunting tactics, reasons for hunting PRC and threats to this species in KNP for a period of one month (January...
Ethnobotany and population structure of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile in Sahelian zone of Cameroon
February 2018
Indigenous tree species have multiple functions and the strong pressure exerted on them threatens their populations. The study aims to investigate the main uses of Balanites aegyptiaca and assess its population structure in the Sahelian zone of Cameroon. The study was carried out using ethnobotanical and quantitative ecological methods. The results showed that the species is multipurpose and produces six different...
Intra and inter specific genetic divergence of termites species based on ISSR markers and 28S rDNA sequences
February 2018
The comprehensive analysis of five identified and two unknown termite species with their binary scores of three markers viz., morphological, ISSR scoring and 28s rDNA sequence has been made to reveal in unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster that Trinervitermes biformis (Wasmann) is out grouped with 35.7% of dissimilarity with other species; Odontotermes obesus (Rambur) and Odontotermes...
Can communities close to Bui National Park mediate the impacts of Bui Dam construction? An exploration of the views of some selected households
January 2018
This paper explores the perceptions of families and households near Bui National Park, on the impact of Bui dam on their capital assets and how they navigate their livelihoods through the impacts of Bui Dam construction. The mixed methods approach was applied to sample views of respondents from thirteen communities of which eight have resettled as a result of the Bui Dam construction. In-depth interviews were conducted...
Evaluation of land use land cover changes using remote sensing Landsat images and pastoralists’ perceptions on range cover changes in Borana rangelands, Southern Ethiopia
January 2018
Studies on land-use/land cover (LULC) changes through remote sensing techniques represent vital tools for generating rational information for sound decision making on natural resources management. Related to the launching of the first Landsat satellite in 1973 there is a region of attention on the use of remote sensing techniques as tool for planning the appropriate management in rangelands. This study therefore aimed...
Energy consumption and expenditure of Panthera pardus in the Southern African region: How much hunting success is enough?
December 2017
Panthera pardus is a widespread mammalian carnivore, with a very broad diet range. Therefore, it is often seen as needing less protection as compared with some other predator species. However, with a 37% reduction in historic range and some subspecies critically endangered, the leopard is a species that does indeed require certain conservation attention. In Southern Africa, there are several threats facing the leopard:...
Distribution and habitat suitability of Nile crocodile (Crocodilus niloticus, L. 1768) in Tekeze River Dam, Tigray, Ethiopia
December 2017
Understanding the spatial distribution and habitat utilization by animals play a significant role in wildlife conservation and habitat management for the benefits of both animals and communities living close to protected areas. This study was conducted to identify the distribution and habitat use of Crocodilus niloticus in Tekeze River Dam through qualitative and quantitative surveys based on diurnal survey,...
Land use/cover change analysis and local community perception towards land cover change in the lowland of Bale rangelands, Southeast Ethiopia
December 2017
Changes in ecosystem functions can be analyzed through changes in land use land cover (LULC) systems. This study was carried out to analyze the LULC changes and perception of local community towards land cover change in the lowlands of Bale, Southeast Ethiopia using remote sensing data, field observations and perception of local people. The results showed that cultivated land, settlement, bush land and bare land...
Quantifying of plant species diversity, composition and density at Dammam Region, Eastern province, Saudi Arabia
December 2017
This study assessed the diversity composition and density of plant species at Dammam Region, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Plant diversity is a vital component of any ecosystem. It is a well-known fact that, worldwide, thousands of plant species are endangered and facing extinction with the current trend of their influence and destruction. Changes in the structure of the assortment of resources lessen plant...
Ecological niche modeling and strategies for the conservation of Dialium guineense Willd. (Black velvet) in West Africa
December 2017
Dialium guineense is a multipurpose species useful in many respects. It is used in agroforestry and the trade of most of its organs is source of income for rural populations. Despite the high interests of this species to populations, we do not know much about how its spatial distribution could be impacted by climate change and which strategies to implement for its sustainable use and conservation. In order to overcome...
Diversity and distribution of African indigenous vegetable species in Uganda
November 2017
African indigenous vegetable species (AIVS) provide a means of livelihood to many urban and peri-urban dwellers in Uganda. It was thus deemed necessary to understand the existing diversity and distribution of the traditional African vegetable species as a basis for recommending conservation and utilization strategies against biodiversity loss. A field survey was conducted in the four major agro-ecological zones of...
Population structure and feeding ecology of Guereza (Colobus guereza) in Borena-Sayint National Park, northern Ethiopia
November 2017
Population size, structure, activity time budget and feeding behavior of Guereza (Colobus guereza) were studied in Borena-Sayint National Park (BSNP), Ethiopia, from August 2008 to March 2009. Line transect survey technique was applied to investigate the population size and structure. Guerezas were observed only in the forest habitat. The mean group size, group density and group encounter rate in the forest habitat were...
The economic significance of lion breeding operations in the South African Wildlife Industry
November 2017
Currently, the majority of land used in South Africa for wildlife by the private sector has been converted from livestock farms to game farms and covers more land than state-owned provincial and national parks conservation areas combined. One animal that stands out above most wildlife regarding its popularity is the lion. From a private land owners’ point of view, lions are amongst the most sought after animals...
Knowledge of conservationists on the effect of lead toxicity on the conservation status of African mourning dove (Streptopelia decipiens) in Ibadan, Nigeria
October 2017
The role of humans in any conservation action is vital and plays a key role in the success of biodiversity and wildlife conservation. The awareness and related activities of people to the risk of lead contamination as a threat to the conservation status is evaluated, particularly with respect to the status of the mourning dove. Lead pollution and toxicity has been reported in mourning dove with associated health and...
Diversity and morphological characterization of Musa spp. in North Kivu and Ituri provinces, Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
October 2017
Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo constitutes an area where the East African Highland bananas (Musa-AAA-EA) and plantains (Musa-AAB) meet. However, Musa diversity in this region has never been characterized nor represented in national or international collections, yet increasing human activities and build-up of pests and diseases, especially Xanthomonas wilt of banana and banana bunchy top disease, could negatively...
Human carnivores conflict in Wamba District, Samburu County, Kenya
September 2017
Human-livestock-carnivores conflict is a unifying theme on a complex problem of a shared environment. The study was conducted to determine the levels and nature of human wildlife conflict in Samburu County, Kenya. The data was collected from 2006 to 2009, in three community areas. A total of 266 homesteads were randomly selected for interviews and characterization. The survey was carried out using semi-structured...
Assessing crop and livestock losses along the Rungwa-Katavi Wildlife Corridor, South-Western Tanzania
August 2017
Humans and wildlife interact negatively, especially when humans transform natural wildlife habitats by establishing settlements and crop fields. Encroachment and habitat fragmentations caused by human activities decrease habitat size and quality for wildlife and reduce connectivity among protected areas. The major objective was to quantify economic loss inflicted by wildlife species to local communities in terms of crop...
Inventory of termite species in thickly vegetated region of Northeastern Puducherry, India
August 2017
A systematic survey of termite species in Northeastern Puducherry which is part of peninsular India, was carried out. As there is no pre-existing report on the richness or diversity of termifauna in this region, the present work aims to fill this major knowledge gap. The findings are discussed in the context of the quantitative studies on termifauna carried out across the world, as also in terms of the defining traits...
The influence of some ecological factors on drill monkeys Mandrillus leucophaeus (Cuvier) - in Limbe wildlife center (LWC), Southwest Region, Cameroon
July 2017
The influence of ecological factors on the behavioral pattern in animals is attracting research interest, particularly for drill monkeys. The aim of this study was to check if ecological changes influence behavior of captive drill monkeys. The study was carried out in Limbe Wildlife Center (LWC) from May 15th 2016 to August 15th 2016 while scan and focal samples were collected in mixed strategy. Continuous sampling...
Threats and conservation challenges of wildlife in Harenna Forest, Harenna Buluk District, South East Ethiopia
July 2017
This study was conducted in Harenna Forest, Harenna Buluk District, South East Ethiopia to assess threats and conservation challenges of wildlife in Harenna Forests. Data collection was carried out from March to June, 2016 using questionnaire surveys, interviews and focus group discussion. The wildlife threats and conservation challenges of Harenna Forests were varied among different village’s forests. The data...
Screening of teff (Eragrostis tef) varieties for genotypic and phenotypic traits in Dejen Woreda, East Gojjam Zone
July 2017
Twenty-four teff varieties obtained from DebreZiet Agricultural Research Center were evaluated for agronomic traits such as days to emergence, days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling period, plant height, panicle length, shoot biomass, straw yield and grain yield in a randomized complete block design, at Dejen Woredain 2015/16 cropping season. The analysis of variance showed that the varieties had significant...
Daily activity, feeding ecology and habitat association of Gelada baboon (Theropithecus gelada) around Debre-Libanos, Northwest Shewa Zone, Ethiopia
June 2017
Daily activity, feeding ecology and habitat association of Gelada baboon around Debre-Libanos was investigated using direct field observations from August 2012 to March 2013. Instantaneous scan sampling method was used to collect behavioral data from two selected study groups of gelada baboons on an average of 7 days per month. The focal groups were identified by the natural marking, size, coat color and facial features...
Climate change research trends in Tanzania: A bibliometric analysis
June 2017
Research enhances the efforts to address climate change through improved understanding of the causes, effects and likely impacts as well as formulation of climate change policies and strategies for adaptation and mitigation measures. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to assess research trends on climate change in Tanzania for the period between 2006 and 2016. Data were extracted using the Publish or Perish programme...
Hydroclimatic variability and flood risk on Naglanou and Akissa forests areas in Mono River Delta (West Africa)
June 2017
This study aims to analyze hydroclimatic variation (meaning rainfall and flow decrease or increase, regime irregularity, …) in Mono River basin and flood risk for ecological conservation of Naglanou (Benin) and Akissa (Togo) hydrosystems. Climate, hydrology and planimetry data were used for descriptive statistical and spatial interpolation to determine rain/flow relationship, climate balance (rainfall less...
Structure and regeneration status of woody plants in the Hallideghie wildlife reserve, North East Ethiopia
June 2017
In this study, we examined vegetation structure and regeneration status of woody plants in the Hallideghie wildlife reserve, Ethiopia. We collected data on abundance, height and diameter at breast height (DBH) of woody plant species with DBH >2.5 cm within sixty-six 20 m × 20 m sample plots and counted number of individuals of seedlings (that is, individuals with height <1.5 m) and saplings (height >1.5 m...
High passage rates and different seasonal migration strategies of birds along the lower Texas coast
June 2017
This research examined nocturnal and diurnal bird migration using an automated marine radar system during three autumn (August 15 to November 17) and three spring (March 15 to June 1) periods in 2007–2010 along the lower Texas coast. We quantified migration timing, magnitude, and flight altitudes for over 14 million targets during 16,360 h of radar operation. Autumn migration was prolonged in contrast to spring...
Biodiversity conservation using the indigenous knowledge system: The priority agenda in the case of Zeyse, Zergula and Ganta communities in Gamo Gofa Zone (Southern Ethiopia).
June 2017
Biodiversity has fundamental values to humans, because we are dependent on it for our nutritional, cultural, economic, and environmental/ecological well-being and the mismanagement of biodiversity leads to resource decline and biodiversity crisis. Moreover, Indigenous Knowledge develops in local contexts to solve local problems, and it is just another form of knowledge which does not set itself in opposition to...
Marine protected area: Prospective tool for ecosystem-based fisheries management in Nigeria
June 2017
Ecosystem based approach rather than species based approach to management and conservation of marine recourses has been recognized as the sustainable way to tackle ecological complexities that apply to maintaining biodiversity. In this light Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) has gained prominence worldwide as a laudable tool for ecosystem based marine conservation and fishery management. This paper examines MPAs and...
Phenotypic characterization of indigenous Maefur goat population in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
May 2017
The study was conducted in Erob district eastern Tigray, Ethiopia to phenotypic characterize Maefur goat based on physical body feature and linear body measurements. Six hundred (297 male and 303 female) goats were randomly selected and grouped into four age groups of 0, 1, 2 and ≥3 PPI. General Linear Model (GLM) procedure of SPSS version 16.0 and descriptive statistical analysis were were used to summarize the...
Chemical soil attributes of Cerrado areas under different recovery managements or conservation levels
May 2017
The aquatic macrophytes removed from hydroelectric power plants, as well as boiler ash derived from burning sugarcane bagasse can provide nutrients and recover degraded soils more quickly. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the chemical attributes of a degraded soil in recovery process with mechanical preparation, with or without addition of organic residue (aquatic macrophytes) or agroindustrial residue (ash from...
Communal knowledge and perceptions of African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) reintroduction in the western part of Serengeti National Park, Tanzania
May 2017
This study assessed communal knowledge and perceptions regarding the reintroduction of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus). Questionnaires were employed to acquire information from 216 randomly selected respondents within six villages. Our results indicate that gender differences exist among respondents; more males than females correctly identified wild dogs from photo cards. Males also wanted the species to be of high...
Uses of Haematostaphis barteri Hook.f. among the Waaba and Bètammaribè in North-Benin and impact on the species vulnerability
May 2017
Haematostaphis barteri Hook.f. is an endemic plant species with a high economic potential that mostly grows on rocky soils in the Sudanian zone from Ghana to Sudan. In Bénin, the species is found only around the commune of Natitingou, but there is little knowledge on its uses by the local populations and how these uses potentially affect its conservation status. This study aimed to evaluate the vulnerability of...
Challenges of human settlement on wildlife in Bale Mountains National Park, Southeast Ethiopia
April 2017
An investigation on challenges of human settlement on wildlife was carried out in 2014/2015 in and around Bale Mountains National Park. Among 25 villages bordering the National Park, 10 villages were purposefully selected for data collection. During the study period, semi-structured interviews and direct observations were conducted within the selected communities. A total of 365 households (35 households per villages,...
Elephant damage to Sclerocarya birrea on different landscapes
April 2017
The African elephant (Loxodonta africana Blumenbach) is a keystone species and ecosystem engineer. Elephants can cause serious damage to important trees, with only certain species being targeted such as Marula (Sclerocarya birrea A. Rich. Hoscht). High levels of elephant utilization may to some extent, compromise the viability of some woody plant populations leading to vegetation changes coupled with a possible loss of...
Developing competence for communities impacted by dam construction
March 2017
This paper contributes to the discussion on community competence by focusing on thirteen communities near Bui dam and Bui National Park, Ghana to address the impacts of Bui Dam construction and related resettlements through analysis of community competence. For each of these questions, further analysis was undertaken to assess the role of resettlement, ethnicity, age, livelihood type and gender. Data was gathered...
Vascular plant diversity with special reference to invasion of alien species on the Doon University Campus, Dehradun, India
March 2017
The present study was conducted to assess vascular plant diversity in a modified habitat in Shivalik region. Extensive surveys were conducted to document the species in each season and identification was done with the help of regional floras. A total of 191 species comprising 181 species of angiosperms (176 genera and 76 families), 2 species of pteridophytes (2 genera and 1 family), and 8 species of gymnosperms (7...
The attitudes and practices of local people towards wildlife in Chebera Churchura national park, Ethiopia
February 2017
Human activities that affect wildlife and their habitats are pervasive and increasing. Understanding the effects of humans on wildlife populations, as well as devising strategies to ameliorate these effects, is an increasing challenge for resource managers. Commitment of local communities to protected areas is also essential for conserving biodiversity, but little is known about local people attitudes toward...
Diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungal fruit bodies in Comoé National Park, a Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)
February 2017
The key role of ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi in ecosystems functioning has been demonstrated worldwide. However, their diversity, spatial distribution, fruiting phenology and production as influenced by climatic parameters variability remain poorly understood in tropical African forests. Weekly surveys were conducted from April to early October 2014 at the Comoé National Park (CNP), Côte d’Ivoire (West...
Home range sizes and space use of African elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the Southern Kenya and Northern Tanzania borderland landscape
January 2017
The African elephant (Loxodonta africana) require vast areas to meet their survival needs such as food, mates, water, resting sites, and look up positions; the area referred to as home range. We collared 9 bull and 3 female elephants using satellite-linked Geographic Positioning System (GPS) collars in February 2013. Their movements were monitored up to April 2016 in the wider Amboseli landscape. We estimated their home...
Human-wildlife conflict in Choke Mountains, Ethiopia
January 2017
Human-wildlife conflict is widely known situation where people and wildlife share common resource. This study was conducted to investigate the perceived impact human-wildlife conflict (HWC) in the Choke Mountains, Ethiopia. Data were collected in 2014 and 2015 using semi-structured questionnaires and focus group discussion. Pearson correlation was used to test the relationship between different factors. Majority of...
Plant diversity in terai grassland vegetation: a landscape level assessment with special reference to north-eastern uttar pradesh, India
December 2016
The landscape level plant diversity was measured in Terai grassland of north-eastern Uttar Pradesh. The field assessment, based on random quadrats, was undertaken at 11 sites, sampling an area of 333.75 ha. The grassland vegetation was comprised of a greater species richness compared to old-field vegetation. The grassy landscape as a mosaic of grassland patches contained 287 species in the sampled quadrats, which...
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