Anticancer drugs prescription conformity in oncology care units: A retrospective and descriptive analytical study in Ivory Coast
January 2024
The study conducted at Treichville University Hospital in Ivory Coast aimed to establish the prescription profile of anti-cancer drugs in the oncology department, with the goal of enhancing knowledge and optimizing prescription practices for this serious pathology. This retrospective and descriptive cross-sectional study spanned six months, during which anti-cancer drug prescriptions were collected from patient files...
Malaria and anemia in pregnancy: A case control study on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine against malaria and anemia in Madina
January 2024
Malaria is a parasitic infection transmitted through the bites of female Anopheles mosquitoes carrying Plasmodium and is often complicated by anemia. This co-morbidity significantly contributes to maternal and fetal illnesses. Over the years, intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) has been a key preventive measure against malaria and anemia in pregnant women. Malaria during pregnancy...
Unveiling the hidden battle: Impact of Charlson comorbidities index on critical illness rate and mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in Kenya: A retrospective study
January 2024
Fatal outcomes were observed in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, particularly among those who were unvaccinated and had comorbidities. Robust research is needed to validate these findings in both vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. The study, involving 1792 COVID-19 patients, explored the links between comorbidities and fatal outcomes. This single-center retrospective cohort study employed Cox proportional hazard...
Pharmacological cerebrovascular accidents management in intensive care unit at Cocody University Hospital
October 2023
Stroke is an increasingly prevalent and serious condition in Côte d'Ivoire. Typically, this condition is managed in a continuous care unit and necessitates polypharmacy. The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacotherapeutic approach and assess the availability of pharmaceutical drugs used in stroke management. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study by reviewing patient...
Scatter radiation dose assessment in selected areas at a radiology department in a teaching hospital in South Western, Nigeria.
October 2023
This study assessed the scattered radiation exposure level in a few selected locations, in the Radiology Department of the Ondo State University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. The radiation leakages from the x-ray device and interaction of the patient’s body with the beam of radiation formed the radiation exposure level which has tendency to produce stochastic and deterministic effect on patients...
Community health financing and healthcare demand solvability of workers in the informal sector in Cameroon
August 2023
One of the big challenges facing the Government of Cameroon is how to finance and provide healthcare access to more than 79% workers in agriculture and the informal sector. This study intends to analyze the contribution of community health financing to the demand solvability of the worker’s healthcare in the informal sector in Cameroon. Using the logistic regression model of use of health care services, which is...
Use of the partograph among obstetric care providers in government healthcare facilities in Uyo Senatorial District, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
June 2023
Globally, Nigeria is one of the countries experiencing worst maternal mortality crisis. Despite its recognition as a major public health issue, the maternal mortality statistic is still on the increase and is not commensurate with the effort of the stakeholders. In developing countries, the use of the partograph for labor management is very low among nurses, midwives and doctors working in most of the primary and...
The knowledge, attitude and practice about ionizing radiation among nurses working in Orthopaedic theatres in a tertiary care centre in Sri Lanka
June 2023
This study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about ionizing radiation among nurses who are working in Orthopaedic theatres in Teaching Hospital-Batticaloa, Sri Lanka. A descriptive cross-sectional study included all nursing officers working in Orthopaedic theatres. A self-administered, pretested, content-validated questionnaire has been used to collect the data. After the initial data collection, a...
Gastro-protective effect of palm kernel (Eleasis guinensis) oil enriched diet on indomethacin induced gastric ulcer in rats
June 2023
Palm kernel oil (PKO) resembles coconut oil in preparations and both are the only sources of lauric oil available on the world market. It has been shown to be used to control diseases such as cancer, obesity, and immune disorders, as an anti-aging and antioxidant agent. The present study investigated the gastric protective property of PKO against indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in rats. 20 male Wistar rats were...
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Uropathogens in Northeastern of Iran
May 2023
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections worldwide. Inappropriate use of antibiotics in hospitalized UTI patients, and the consequent bacterial resistance, imposes high costs on health care settings. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in UTI patients hospitalized in the Ghaem University Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Cross-sectional study...
Artemisinins and Artesunate mitigate cytotoxic effects caused by recombinant spike protein of Sars-cov-2
February 2023
COVID-19 invades human cells with its homotrimer spike glycoprotein (SPK) located in the viral envelope by binding to its target human receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), as well as is responsible for having its own negative physiological and cellular effects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of SPK on U937 (human histiocytic lymphoma) cells while highlighting the mitigating effects of...
Providers’ and government officials’ perspective of factors affecting human papilloma virus vaccination, cervical cancer screening and treatment in Kampala, Uganda- a qualitative study
February 2023
Uganda has one of the highest age-standardized cervical cancer (CxCa) incidence rates in Eastern Africa (56.2/100,000 women), due to limited provision and access to CxCa prevention strategies through Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, CxCa screening and treatment. This study identified barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination, cervical cancer screening and treatment from CxCa providers’ perspectives in...
Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in reproductive-aged women in Jeddah Province, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective study
December 2022
Toxoplasmosis; an opportunistic protozoan parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, still imposes a major health concern and a significant economic burden worldwide particularly in developing countries. Nevertheless, the epidemiological status of toxoplasmosis among Saudi female population remains largely unknown. Therefore, the present hospital-based retrospective study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T....
The profile and clinical spectrum of indications, challenges and complications for gastrostomy or jejunostomy in a developing country: A 2 center study
October 2022
Inadequate or absence of oral feeding including gastric decompression arising from multiple causes constitutes the indications for gastrostomy/jejunostomy. The clinical spectrum includes but not limited to improving nutritional status and reducing weight loss and avoiding bronchopulmonary complications. To highlight the profile and clinical spectrum of indications and challenges for gastrostomy or jejeunostomy in a...
Anaemia and associated factors in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients at initiation of treatment in the Republic of Guinea
August 2022
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is involved in multiple haematological manifestations, including anaemia. The objective was to determine the prevalence of anaemia and associated factors in patients with drug-resistant TB. This was a 3-year longitudinal cohort study of patients affected by multidrug-resistant tuberculosis followed up monthly for 9 months by the WHO standardized short treatment regimen in three large...
Utilisation of long-lasting-insecticide-treated nets among pregnant women and under-five children in selected sub-urban areas of Lusaka, Zambia
April 2022
Malaria is endemic in Zambia and is more common among pregnant mothers and under-five-year-old children. Long lasting insecticide treated mosquito nets are effective against malaria among other measures. However, over the years, data has shown low utilisation of insecticide treated mosquito nets among pregnant women and children under-five. This study investigated the utilisation of long lasting insecticide treated...
Geographical/environmental effects on lipid profiles and its association with glycemic control in Saudi Arabia
March 2022
Chronic disease is one of the most prevalent health issues that affects a person's quality of life and is a serious problem that may affect the peoples around the world. In Saudi Arabia, the disease pattern has shifted from communicable to chronic disease in recent times. This study investigates the effect of geographical/environmental factors on the lipid profiles and their associations with blood pressure (BP) and...
Gynecological lesions in Delta State, Nigeria: A hospital-based histopathologic study
February 2022
Gynecologic lesions are largely ignored public health problems. The study seeks to establish the histologic pattern of gynecologic morbidities in Delta State. This is a descriptive retrospective study in Delta State University Teaching Hospital DELSUTH, Nigeria. The age and diagnosis of gynecological lesions diagnosed from 2014 to 2019 were extracted from the histopathology records, analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2007...
Assessment of socio-economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic on households: A case study of households in Anambra State, Nigeria
December 2021
With the spread of the Coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) affecting all spheres of human endeavors, even households have not been spared. However, impact of the pandemic on households in Nigeria is unclear which necessitated this study which was aimed at assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Nigerian households Awka South, Anambra State. An online survey with a descriptive cross-sectional design was...
Management of ruptured pseudoaneurysm of the right common carotid artery in a resource-limited setting (Case report)
November 2021
Carotid artery injuries with pseudo-aneurysm are uncommon but associated with central neurologic dysfunction. We present a 26-year-old man with a giant bleeding pseudo-aneurysm of right common carotid artery managed by emergency sternotomy, neck exploration and repair of the aneurysm. On the right side of the neck was a 10 × 8 cm mass occupying almost the entire posterior triangle. It was pulsatile, tender with...
Correlation of body mass index (BMI) with hematological indices and procoagulants among people with obesity in Sapele, Southern Nigeria
October 2021
Obesity occurs when Body Mass Index (BMI) of an individual is above 30.0 with several effects on hematological indices and procoagulants hence, this study aims to evaluate correlation of BMI with hematological indices and procoagulants among people with obesity. This was a cross sectional and descriptive study carried out at Central Hospital, Sapele, General Hospital, Oghara and Biomed Diagnostic Centre, Sapele in...
Pattern of refractive errors in persons with albinism in two states of North-Western Nigeria
October 2021
Albinism is a heterogenous group of disorders of melanin synthesis or distribution that is genetically inherited. Refractive errors are common in participants with albinism and high values have been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of refractive errors in people living with albinism in North-Western Nigeria. This was a prospective hospital-based study, carried out over 12 months from April...
Prevalence and associated factors of female genital mutilation among reproductive age women’s of Damot Gale Woreda, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study, 2018
September 2021
Female genital mutilation (FGM) is estimated to have been practiced on at least 200 million girls and women in 30 countries around the world. Clitoridoctomy is the most common type of FGM in Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to assess the magnitude of Female Genital Mutilation and associated factors among women’s in Damot Gale Woreda of Wolayita zone. A quantitative community-based cross-sectional study was used....
Evaluation of patients with palliative care needs presenting at the Emergency Department, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
September 2021
Palliative care as a component of universal health care is still evolving in Nigeria and a high proportion of patients with life-limiting illnesses have no access to such essential service. Many of these patients with palliative care needs who present to the emergency department (ED) of hospitals may not receive palliative care. The aim of the study is to evaluate the demographic characteristics of patients with...
Relationship between renal ultrasonographic, CD4 cell count and proteinuria findings in HIV infected adult patients in Jos, Nigeria
August 2021
This study intends to describe renal sonographic outcomes in matured patients with HIV/AIDS in Plateau State capital Jos and relate the outcome with proteinuria and the subjects’ CD4 cell count. The 504 subjects were evaluated for renal ultrasound scan, CD4 cell counts and dipstick proteinuria (using Combi 10 Urinalysis strips) were obtained, and their findings recorded. Twenty-four (4.8%) of the patients had...
Factors affecting the vaccination status of under five children in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
August 2021
Immunization is the most cost effective of public health intervention geared towards reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. There has been a global increase in the rate of immunization coverage with its attendant decline in vaccine preventable deaths. The immunization coverage in developing countries like Nigeria has however been challenging due to some reasons. Therefore, this study determined the immunization...
Back and upper body musculoskeletal pain and associated factors among medicine and nursing practicing students at university of Gondar, Ethiopia
July 2021
Musculoskeletal pain are common problems for nursing and medicine students especially in developing countries. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of back and upper body musculoskeletal pain among nursing and medicine students at the University of Gondar. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. Stratified simple random sampling technique and structured self-administered...
Disseminated tuberculosis with pulmonary and renal infections: A confirmed case in a severely immunocompromised HIV patient
July 2021
Tuberculosis continues to be a major public health issue. The advent of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections led to a dramatic increase in extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis, with a non-negligible number of cases with multifocal lesions. This study reports a disseminated tuberculosis case with pulmonary and renal localization in a severely immunocompromised HIV patient diagnosed by microscopic examination and...
Utility of temperature measurement using non-contact infrared thermometer in detecting elevated temperature as an infection control measure in the era of Covid-19
June 2021
The pandemic nature of the corona virus diseases that emerged at the end of year 2019 (COVID-19) is a major global health concern worldwide. Since high body temperature is a core symptom of the disease, the use of non-contact infrared thermometer for the detection of people with elevated temperature has become one of the measures for infection control as this will identify people that are likely to be incubating the...
Pain index and health-related quality of life in a Nigerian patient’s cohort with sickle cell anaemia
June 2021
The severity of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) often causes painful episodes of vaso-occlussive crises and affects quality of life. Poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) associated with sickle cell disease has been established. The study aim was to determine the relationship between pain index and HRQoL in Nigerian patients with SCA. The study was a cross-sectional survey of SCA individuals. Data collection was done...
Singleton stillbirths in a tertiary public hospital offering free maternity services in southwest Nigeria: A one-year review
May 2021
Stillbirths are major components of perinatal mortalities in Nigeria. The study objectives are to determine the feto-maternal factors associated with antepartum intrauterine fetal deaths (IUFDs) leading to stillbirths as well as compare selected clinical characteristics with normal live births. This prospective observational study was conducted in a free service public hospital in south-western Nigeria. Parturients with...
Prevalence of diaper rash and associated factors among babies aged 0 to 24 months in Adama Administrative City, Central Ethiopia: A cross sectional study
May 2021
The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of diaper rash and identify associated factors with diaper rash among children between 0 and 24 months of age in Adama Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with mothers using structured questionaries during face to face interview to assess risk factors associated with diaper rash. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 and Chi-square test was used to...
Salivary gland tumours in the intraoral region: A retrospective study of cases treated in a teaching hospital in North-West Nigeria
April 2021
Tumours of the minor salivary glands occurring in the oral cavity are uncommon. The oral cavity has many tiny salivary glands which occur in the lip, palate, floor of the mouth, cheeks, tongue and pharynx. Tumour could develop from any of these minor salivary glands. We conducted a retrospective study of twenty-four cases of these tumours treated in our Centre over a period of eleven years. The objective of this study...
Birth injuries in newborn: A prospective study of deliveries in South-East Nigeria
April 2021
Birth injury is an important cause of short and long-term deformity and disability in children. It is becoming an increasing source of litigation in developing countries. Exploring the magnitude of the problem in a resource-limited setting, and, identifying associated factors, will help reduce its occurrence. This surveillance for birth injuries is a 4-year prospective study conducted in the Enugu State University...
Primary and secondary resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis medications at the Institute Pasteur Bangui, Central African Republic
March 2021
The emergence and spread of anti-tuberculosis-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis presently represents a real challenge to the WHO's End TB by 2035 strategy. Through this study, we wanted to determine the current prevalence of primary and secondary resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs at the Pasteur Institute in Bangui. Cultures and sensitivity tests were carried out for 6 months (July -...
Orthodox and unorthodox practices by traditional birth attendants’ in Nsukka area of Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria
February 2021
Unskilled Traditional Birth Attendants (TBA) is prevalent in rural Nigeria due to communal culture and traditions, their compassionate attitude, and non-availability of appropriate health facilities within the communities. Yet, there is no clear framework defining their roles, locations and practices. This study aimed to identify the pattern and practices of TBA in Nsukka area of Enugu State, and evaluate their roles in...
Preconception care: What women know, think and do
February 2021
Preconception care are interventions that help in identifying maternal and fetal risk factors that could be prevented and managed in order to reduce materno-fetal morbidities and mortality. The study determined the predictors of knowledge, attitude, and practice of preconception care among women at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study conducted among 414 antenatal attendees using a...
Pre-hospital management of childhood convulsions in Ilesa, South-west, Nigeria
January 2021
Convulsion evokes a lot of fear in mothers and caregivers whenever it occurs. They even think that their child is dying. Many interventions are often carried out because of anxiety and limited knowledge. The aim of this study is to examine the interventions instituted by caregivers for children with convulsions before presentation in the hospital for treatment. We prospectively studied all the 276 children that...
Predictors of HIV disclosure amongst people living with HIV/AIDS at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
January 2021
HIV serostatus disclosure is a challenging but yet an important step necessary for all people living with HIV/AIDS. However, divulging such sensitive information by people Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) may be linked with severe consequences which poses as a hindrance to seeking treatment and adherence. This study therefore aims to determine the prevalence and identify determinants of HIV status disclosure among...
Quality of health care service assessment using Donabedian model in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018
December 2020
Donabedian model health care quality assessment measures the difference between expected and actual performance to identify gaps in the health care system, which would serve as a starting point for quality improvement activities. So, the aim of this study was to assess the level of quality of health care with respect to structural settings, actual process of care, and outcomes of care. Institutional based both...
Evaluating the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on visual acuity and intraocular pressure among HIV/AIDS patients in Kano State, Nigeria
December 2020
Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) has been effective in reducing rapidly progressive retinopathies, there are other ocular manifestations of HIV and ocular side effects of HAART which are yet to be determined and evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the effect of HAART on Visual Acuity (VA) and Intraocular Pressure (IOP) among HIV/AIDS patients in Kano State, Nigeria. This was a...
Uptake and reason for discontinuation of long-acting reversible contraception in a tertiary hospital: A 5 years retrospective review
December 2020
Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) methods, including intrauterine contraceptives and subdermal implants, are some of the most effective contraceptive methods available. They are known to be convenience, cost effective and suitable for many women. The study aims to determine the trends and uptake of long acting reversible contraception in University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, assess the...
The evaluation of Cleopatra I score for predicting preterm birth in subjects with threatened preterm labour
November 2020
This work aims to evaluate the Cleopatra I model for the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) in subjects having threatened preterm labour. This is a hospital-based prospective observational study done over a period of one year. A total of one hundred and eleven (111) subjects enrolled in the study. Their demographic factors and previous obstetric history were recorded. A cervical length with a cut-off of 25 mm...
Evaluating mothers’ knowledge and attitude as a contributing factor to the low childhood immunization uptake in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
November 2020
Childhood immunization remains one of the most important and cost-effective public health interventions that reduces both morbidity and mortality associated with infectious diseases in children yet it is still underutilized. The study assessed the level of knowledge and attitude of mothers towards childhood immunization. This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study involving 141 mothers that brought their babies...
Status and perception of intestinal parasitosis among students of a health professional institution in N’Djamena, Chad
November 2020
Intestinal parasitic diseases remain an epidemiology a real problem in Chad, but little research has been done in this area. The purpose of the study is to determine the status of intestinal parasites infection among students in a health professional training institution and to assess their level of perception of this health problem. This prospective and descriptive study took place between June and July 2018. A total...
Assessment of the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS in the city of Lubumbashi, The Democratic Republic of the Congo
October 2020
Worldwide coverage of anti-retroviral treatment has extended life expectancy of people living with HIV and AIDS. The expanded survival time brings into play the patients’ quality of life, on which little data is available in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was administered to 249 patients, mostly females (65%), attending a dedicated centre for the treatment and comprehensive support...
Prevalence and identification of fungi associated with Tinea capitis in school children of Morogoro municipality, Tanzania
October 2020
Tinea capitis is one of the major common skin diseases affecting school-age children in developing countries, whose prevalence and associated fungi have not been fully investigated in these countries. This study investigated the prevalence and fungi associated with Tinea capitis infection amongst children attending selected schools in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted...
Review of the antioxidant properties of wild edible plants in Ethiopia
September 2020
This work aims to study the potential and importance of wild edible plants (WEPs) as antioxidants in treating different diseases caused by free radicals. A total of 67 species belonging to 50 genera under 36 families and naturally growing in Ethiopia were recorded after assessing all available documents. About 16.2% of the total (413) WEPs were recorded in the country. The plant families with more number of species...
Levels of some reproductive hormones, cadmium and lead among fuel pump attendants in Benin City, Nigeria
September 2020
Infertility is a common public health challenge in Nigeria. The causes of infertility in both males and females are multifactorial, and the contributions of endocrine abnormalities had been reported from both the Northern and Southern regions of Nigeria. The effect of occupational exposure on endocrine levels among petrol pump attendants has not been sufficiently documented in our setting. This study evaluated the...
Severity of coronary atherosclerosis in hypertensive: A postmortem study
September 2020
The development of coronary atherosclerosis and ischaemic heart disease had been attributed to risk factors that include but not limited to hypertension. These factors were determined without reference to data from autopsy studies. It is likely that there is no significant difference on the grades of coronary atherosclerosis in hypertensive’s when compared with the non-hypertensive’s. The aim of this study,...
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