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Aclonifen: The identikit
of a widely used herbicide
Özgür Kilinç
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA, UMR 5553), Equipe
Pollution Environnement Ecotoxicologie Ecoremédiation,
Domaine Universitaire de Saint-Martin d'Hères. 2233, rue de
la piscine Bât D Biologie, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9,
France.
*Corresponding author.
E-mail: ozgur.kilinc@yahoo.fr.
Tel: +33 (0) 4-76-51-46-80. Fax: +33 (0) 4-76-51-44-63.
Accepted 5 April, 2011 |
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Aclonifen is a herbicide with a diphenylether nucleus which
has been authorized for agronomic use in France and Europe
in 1983 (Corn, 1 kg.ha-1 and sunflower, 2.7 kg.ha-1
in pre-emergence) and in Turkey since 1994 (sunflowers, 1.8
kg.ha-1 and lentils, chickpeas, 0.75 kg.ha-1).
This a.i. shows several characteristics which differ from
the other members of its chemical family, especially its two
complementary modes of action and a very high conjugation
potential in sunflower. These features explain its high
selectivity for sunflower and also explain that, after
pre-emergence treatment, the a.i. was readily transformed
into polar derivatives which remain segregated inside the
roots. Thus, the chemical derivatives issued from the use of
this a.i. are absent from the sunflower leaves and,
consequently, from the flowers and the seeds. The modes of
action, uptake, transfer and conjugation of this a.i. in
sunflower, as compared to the weeds associated to this
culture; show that not only pre-emergence treatments are
possible for this a.i. but also post-emergence application.
Key words:
Aclonifen, herbicide, diphenylether, modes of action,
selectivity, metabolism.
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