African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 2(4), pp. 178-181, April, 2007

ISSN 1991- 637X­© 2007 Academic Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Survey of the post harvest diseases and aflatoxin contamination of marketed pawpaw fruit (Carica papaya L) in South Western Nigeria

Baiyewu, R.A.¹, Amusa, N. A.² Ayoola, O.A.¹ and Babalola, O.O.³*

¹Forest Protection Division, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, P.M.B. 5054, Jericho, Ibadan, Nigeria.

²Department of plant Science and Applied Zoology Olabisi Onabanjo University P.M.B 2002, Ago Iwoye. Ogun State Nigeria.

³ Department of Microbiology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, P.M.B. 2002, Ago Iwoye. Ogun State Nigeria.

Corresponding author E-mail: olubukolababalola@yahoo.com. Tel: +2348058871359

Accepted 26 February, 2007

Survey and collection of the marketed pawpaw fruit with rot symptoms were conducted in the South Western Nigeria in 2000 and 2001 respectively.  Pawpaw fruits showing rot symptoms that are displayed for sale in three different market places in three major cities in south western Nigeria namely, Ibadan, Abeokuta and Akure were collected and examined for the presence f the inducing pathogens and for aflatoxin contamination. The most commonly fungi found in rotten pawpaw fruits were:  Rhizopus nigricans, Curvularia lunata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme, Colleto-trichum capsici and Trichoderma viride. Rhizopus nigricans, F. moniliforme A. flavus and A. niger had the highest rate of occurrence among the isolated fungi while C. lunata was the least encountered.  Pathogenicity tests revealed that of all the isolated fungi, R. nigricans, C. lunata and F. moniliforme were highly pathogenic with the first two leading to rapid disintegration of treated fruits in 3-5 days.  A. niger was moderately pathogenic, while A. flavus T. viride caused the least amount of rot on pawpaw fruits. Aflatoxins were detected from infected pawpaw fruits, both before and after autoclaving fruit for 15 min at 121^oC.

Key words:  Carica papaya, aflatoxins, post-harvest diseases, survey