MTHFR polymorphisms in Puerto Rican children with isolated congenital heart disease and their mothers

Lourdes García-Fragoso¹*, Inés García-García¹, Gloria Leavitt¹, Jessicca Renta², A. Miguel Ayala² and L. Carmen Cadilla²

¹Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology Section, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

²Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: lourdes.garcia1@upr.edu.

Accepted 21 January, 2010

   Abstract

Congenital heart defects (CHD) are among the most common birth defects. There is evidence suggesting that polymorphisms in folate metabolism could alter susceptibility to CHD. The MTHFR 677TT genotype has been associated with the development of structural congenital heart malformations. The objective of this study was to identify common polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene in children with isolated CHD and their mothers. The DNA analysis for the C677T and A1298C mutations was performed.  The study group included 27 mothers, 27 children with CHD and 220 controls. The prevalence of the TT polymorphism was higher in mothers (22%) than in controls (10%). Compound heterozygosity for both polymorphisms was 3.7 times more common in children with CHD than in the newborn controls. Mothers of children with CHD were more likely to be compound heterozygotes. The higher prevalence of C677T polymorphisms in mothers of children with CHD and of compound heterozygosity for both polymorphisms suggests the possible role of folic acid in the prevention of CHD.  Due to the relation of this enzyme to folate metabolism, current folate recommendations for women in childbearing age in Puerto Rico to reduce neural tube defects may need to be extended to the prevention of CHD.

Key words: Congenital heart disease, folic acid, MTHFR polymorphisms.