Full Length Research Paper

Adenovirus type 3 infections in camels in Sudan

K. S. Intisar¹, Y. H. Ali¹, A. I. Khalafalla², K. M. Taha³ and  Mahasin E. A. Rahman¹

¹Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, P. O. Box 8067, Al Amarat, Khartoum, Sudan.

²Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314 Khartoum North, Sudan.

³Atbara Veterinary Research Laboratory.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: intisarkamil@yahoo.com.

Accepted 22 June, 2010

   Abstract

The incidence of adenovirus type 3 infections in camels in Sudan was studied. Lungs of Camel with pneumonia lungs (n = 239) were collected from slaughter houses at four different areas in Sudan. Adenovirus type 3 antigen was detected in 1.3% of 239 tested camel lungs by the use of sandwich ELISA. Specimens from Northern (3.3%) and Central Sudan (1.2%) were found to be positives. Direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT) was used to confirm the adenovirus ELISA positives; all ELISA positives were found to be positive using FAT. Seroprevalence of adenovirus type 3 was investigated, camel sera (n = 260) were collected from the same areas in Sudan. Collected sera were examined for adenovirus antibodies using indirect ELISA. The overall detected seroprevalence was 90%; highest prevalence was in South Central (100%) then Western (94.3%) and Central Sudan (92.5%). The lowest seroprevalence was in Northern Sudan (80%). The most detected degree of positivity was +3 then +5. This represents the first report for the detection of adenovirus type 3 antigen and antibodies in camels in Sudan. It was noticed to cause pathologic effect in camel lungs.

Key words: Camel, Adenovirus 3, ELISA, Sudan.