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Biocontrol genes from Trichoderma species: A review
Pratibha Sharma*, Vignesh Kumar P, Ramesh R, Saravanan K,
Deep S, Sharma M, Mahesh S and Dinesh S
Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research
Institute, New Delhi-110012, India.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
pratibha@iari.res.in.
Accepted 25 November, 2011 |
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In the world, the traditional agricultural practices are
getting affected by various problems such as disease, pest,
drought, decreased soil fertility due to use of hazardous
chemical pesticides, pollution and global warming. As a
result, there is a need for some eco-friendly biocontrol
agents that help in resolving the previous mentioned
problems. The various types of biological control agents
such as bacteria and fungi are involved in biocontrol
activity. Among them, fungal genus Trichoderma plays
a major role in controlling the plant diseases. The species
of Trichoderma are known to produce different kinds
of enzymes which have a significant role in biocontrol
activity like cell wall degradation, biotic and abiotic
stress tolerance, hyphal growth, antagonistic activity
against plant pathogens. By the advance techniques laid in
the molecular biology, we can easily isolate, characterize,
clone, sequence and express the functions of these genes and
can study their functions and role in the biocontrol
mechanism. This review article explains about the role, and
functions of some major biocontrol genes present in the
Trichoderma species viz., Trichoderma harzianum,
Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma atroviride,
Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma hamatum and
Trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Key words:
Trichoderma spp., genes, cloning, transformation,
expression. |
