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Mutagenic
effectiveness and efficiency in varieties of sunflower (Helianthus
annuus L.) by separate and combined treatment with
gamma-rays and sodium azide
P. Raja Ramesh Kumar* and S. Venkat
Ratnam
Department of
Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, A.P.
India.
*Corresponding
author. E-mail:
rajaramesh123@gmail.com.
Accepted 23 March, 2010 |
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The effect of
single treatment with gamma-rays, sodium azide and
combination treatments of gamma-rays and sodium azide on
seed germination, seedling survival, pollen fertility and
seed set in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) M2
generation was studied in the varieties of USH-430 and
SHSF-333. There was gradual decrease of seedling survival
and pollen fertility with an increase in the dose of mutagen
in both varieties. The percentage of lethality and achene
sterility gradually increased with an increased dose. In
USH-430 variety, the seed set percentage was significantly
increased at 6kR, 4 mM and 6 kR + 6 mM, respectively.
Mutagenic effectiveness decreased with an increased dose or
concentration of gamma-rays and sodium azide in both
varieties. In combined treatments, mutagenic effectiveness
gradually increased with an increased dose. Mutagenic
efficiency increased with an increased dose in case of
gamma-irradiated seeds in both varieties. Mutagenic
efficiency decreased gradually with an increased dose in
both varieties. The linear correlation co-efficient was
positive in case of gamma-rays and sodium azide separated,
whereas in combined treatment, negative correlation was
observed.
Key words:
Sodium azide, gamma-rays, seed set, pollen sterility,
mutation frequency, mutagenic effectiveness, mutagenic
efficiency. |
