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The development of flavivirus vaccines
Rojjanaporn Pulmanausahakul, Atefeh Khakpoor and Duncan R.
Smith*
Institute
of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Thailand.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
duncan_r_smith@hotmail.com. Tel: (662) 800 3624-8. Fax
(662) 441-9906.
Abbreviations: WNV, West Nile virus; JEV, Japanese encephalitis virus; DENY,
dengue virus; YFV, yellow fever virus; TBE,
tick borne encephalitis; C, capsid; prM,
precursor of membrane protein; E, envelope protein;
YE, yellow fever; LAV, live attenuated virus;
FNV, French viscerotropic vaccine; Nab, neutralizing
antiboby; YEC-AVD, vaccine associated viscerotropic
disease; YEL-AND, vaccine associated neurotropic
disease; JE, Japanese encephalitis;TrE,
truncated E; ADE, antibody dependant enhancement;
TBEV, Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus.
Accepted 28
December, 2009 |
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Mosquito
and tick-borne flaviviruses are the causative agents of some
of the world’s most important diseases, including dengue
fever, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, tick-borne
encephalitis and West Nile fever. Cumulatively, these
viruses cause many millions of infections each year and
impose a significant burden on public health resources,
particularly in developing and newly developed countries.
Vaccine development to eliminate flaviviral infections has
been marked by uneven progress and a large number of
setbacks. To date, no single approach has proved successful
in leading to vaccine development against a wide range of
flaviviruses, but the application of modern techniques to
the problem is opening up new avenues of approach. This
review summarizes some of the developments in vaccine
research aimed at inducing protective immunity against
flaviviral infections.
Key
words:
Attenuation, fever, encephalitis, flavivirus,
hemorrhagic, vaccine. |
