|
Effects of
cold stratification, sulphuric acid, submersion in hot and
tap water pretreatments in the greenhouse and open field
conditions on germination of bladder-Senna (Colutea
armena Boiss. and Huet.) seeds
Zafer Olmez* and
Askin Gokturk
Artvin Coruh University, Faculty of Forestry, 08000 Artvin,
Turkey.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
zaferolmez@yahoo.com.
Fax: +90 4662126951.
Accepted 11 May, 2009 |
|
This study was carried out to determine which pre-treatments
should be preferred to overcome dormancy problems of
Colutea armena seeds which were collected from three
different provenances. Pre-treatments applied to the seeds
were submersion in concentrated (98%) sulphuric acid for 30
min, floating in hot water (100°C) followed by continual
cooling for 24 h in the same water, soaking in tap water (20
±
1°C) for 24 h and cold stratification for 20, 40 and 60
days. The seeds were sown in polyethylene pots in the
greenhouse and in seedbeds under open field conditions. The
statistical approach was a randomized complete block design
with three replications. Germinated seeds were observed
periodically during 70 days to determine germination
percentages and germination rates. The highest germination
percentages (52.2, 56.7 and 60.5%) were obtained in seeds
which were submersed in sulphuric acid for 30 min and sown
in the greenhouse for all three provenances. The best
germination rates for provenances of Köprübaşı and Derinköy
were 14 and 16 days which were determined in seeds soaked in
sulphuric acid for 30 min and sown in the greenhouse. On the
other hand, the best germination rate (12 days) of
provenance of Salkımlı was determined in seeds which were
floated in hot water (100°C) followed by continual cooling
for 24 h in the same water and sown under open field
conditions.
Key words:
Colutea armena, germination, seed, greenhouse, open
field condition. |
