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Antimicrobial activity of
leaf extracts of Indian medicinal plants against clinical
and phytopathogenic bacteria
S. L. Sukanya1,2, J. Sudisha1, P.
Hariprasad1, S. R. Niranjana1 H. S.
Prakash1 and S. K. Fathima2*
1Department
of studies in Applied Botany, Seed pathology and
Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri,
Karnataka India-570006.
2Department
of Microbiology, Maharani's Science College for Women, JLB
road, Mysore, Karnataka, India-570005.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
syedakf@hotmail.com.
Tel: +91-0821-2420503, +91-0821-2450165.
Accepted
3 November, 2008 |
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The ethnobotanical efficacy of Indian medicinal plants;
Achyranthes aspera, Artemisia parviflora, Azadirachta indica,
Calotropis gigantean, Lawsonia inermis, Mimosa pudica, Ixora
coccinea, Parthenium hysterophorus and Chromolaena
odorata were examined using agar disc diffusion method
against clinical bacteria (Escherichia coli and
Staphylococcus aureus) and phytopathogenic bacteria (Xanthomonas
vesicatoria and Ralstonia solanacearum). Leaves
were extracted using different solvents such as methanol,
ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform. Among treatments,
maximum in vitro inhibition was scored in methanol extracts
of C. odorata which offered inhibition zone of 10, 9,
12 and 12 mm against E. coli, S. aureus, X. vesicatoria
and R. solanaccearum, respectively, followed by
chloroform extract of the same plant leaf with inhibition
zone of 8, 4, 4 and 4 mm, respectively. A significant
inhibition of E. coli was found in aqueous and in all
tested solvent extracts of A. indica. In case of
S. aureus, maximum inhibition of 8 mm was obtained in
aqueous extracts of A. indica and 6 mm from methanol extract
of L. inermis. The minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC) value for the clinical bacteria ranged between 0.35 to
4.0 mg/ml and 0.25 to 4.0 mg/ml for phytopathogenic bacteria
when tested with all four solvents extracts of C. odorata.
Whereas, extracts of A. aspera, A. parviflora, C.
gigantean, L. inermis, M. pudica and I. coccinea
were found to be ineffective or showed poor inhibition on
tested human and phytopathogenic bacteria.
Key
words:
Indian medicinal plants, solvents, leaves extracts, clinical
and phytopathogenic bacteria, antimicrobial assay. |
