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Secondary metabolites
induction in Mammillaria huitzilopochtli (Cactaceae)
and evaluation of the fungicidal activity
R. E. Robles-Zepeda1*, M.
Jiménez-Estrada2, A. Navarro-Ocaña3,
I. Saad-Villegas2, I. Brunner4 and E.
Ruiz-Bustos1
1Departamento
de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora,
Hermosillo, Sonora, México. 83000.
2Laboratorio
de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad
Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México,
D.F., 04510.
3Departamento
de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior,
Ciudad Universitaria, México, D.F., 04510.
4Laboratorio
de Cultivo de Tejidos Vegetales, Jardín Botánico Exterior
del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
México, Ciudad Universitaria, México, D.F., 04510.
*Corresponding author.
E-mail:
rrobles@guayacan.uson.mx.
Tel: +6622592163.
Abbreviations:
2,4-D,
2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid; BAP, benzyl amino
purine;
BA, benzyladenine;
MS,
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium.
Accepted
15 June, 2009 |
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Bioactive compounds isolated from
Mammillaria huitzilopochtli were evaluated in a
biological activity test (% inhibition) against eight
phytopathogen fungi. The fungi evaluated were:
Cladosporium
sp.,
Phoma sp., Alternaria sp., Rhizoctonia
sp., Fusarium sp., Fusarium moniliforme,
Helmintosporium sp. and Phaecilomyces sp.
A suspension culture of M. huitzilopochtli was
established using MS medium with 0.1 mg/l of 2,4-D and
elicited with fungic homogenate. The defensive compounds
produced were segregated to culture medium. Maximum
production was obtained four days after the induction. The
total extract showed inhibition for all fungi to 100 µg/ml,
but at 400 µg/ml the Phoma fungus was inhibited 100%.
This extract could be used eventually against the Phoma
fungus, a pathogen of potatoes.
Key words: Cactus, suspension culture, secondary metabolites,
phytoalexins, phytopathogens, fungus, elicitors. |
