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Wheat crown and root
rotting fungi in Moghan area, Northwest of Iran
Behzad Hajieghrari
Department of Plant Production, Moghan Junior College
of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh - Ardabili, Ardabil,
Iran. E-mail:
bhajieghrari@uma.ac.ir.
Tel: +989143186861. Fax: +984527463417.
Accepted
5 October, 2009 |
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Wheat root
and crown rot (Triticum aestivum L.) is a disease
problem in many wheat producing area as well as Moghan wheat
growing area, Northwest of Iran. In this study, injured
plants of wheat with blighting, stunting, and death of
mature plants, also necrotic lesions on seminal crown roots,
sub crown internodes and crown, as well as basal stem tissue
symptoms were collected from different regions of Moghan
wheat growing area. Fungi associated with wheat root and
crown rot were isolated and identified based on general
colony morphology, the morphology of mycelia, reproductive
structure and taxonomic description. Also pathogenicity of
28 selected isolates from various identified species was
determined on wheat (T. aestivum L. CV. Atila 4; a
common grown cultivar of wheat in Moghan area) seedlings.
The results indicated that the predominant pathogens
implicated in causing common root and crown rot in this
study was Bipolaris sorokiniana. In addition to B.
sorokiniana, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium
Pseudograminearum and Gaeumannomyces/Phiallophora
complex are the most widely distributed species on wheat
growing belt in Moghan area. Fusarium solani,
Fusarium crookwellence, Fusarium clamidosporum,
Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium poa,
Fusarium udum and Fusarium babinda are wheat root
associated species of Fusarium ascertained during our
investigation. Pathogenicity test revealed that B.
sorokiniana, F. culmorum, F. graminearum,
F. crookwellence, F. udum and Gaeumannomyces/Phiallophora
complex are active pathogens and others are saprophytes,
which are also involved in the destruction of root tissues,
without being the cause of injury.
Key
words:
Wheat, common root and crown rot, Bipolaris sorokiniana,
Fusarium sp., Gaeumannomyces/ Phiallophora
complex. |
