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Somatic embryogenesis and
root regeneration in Hyoscyamus niger L. for the
production of hyoscyamine
Chan Lai Keng*, Nhawal A. Saidon and Arvind Bhatt
School
of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800
Penang, Malaysia.
*Corresponding author.
E-mail: lkchan@usm.my or
merrilynchan@gmail.com.
Tel: 604-6533828. Fax: 604-6565125.
Accepted
29 September, 2009 |
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Embryogenic calli could be induced from the leaf, petiole and
root pieces of Hyoscyamus niger using different
induction medium. The
embryogenic calli produced were different in term of colour
and morphology. Small globular somatic embryos could only be
produced from the leaf explants cultured on Murashige and
Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6 mg/L picloram. The
globular embryos increased in size and developed into
torpedo, heart shape or bipolar embryos accompanied by root
formation after cultured onto MS basal medium for one week
then followed by two weeks of culture in the maturation
medium (MS + 1.0 mg/L BA). More roots could be regenerated from the leaf-derived
somatic embryos when they were transferred into liquid MS
medium without any plant growth regulator. Our result
indicated that the leaf-derived embryogenic callus induced
on solid MS supplemented with 6.0 mg/L of picloram did not
show the presence of hyoscyamine. However, the H. niger
roots regenerated from the somatic embryos showed the
presence of hyoscyamine. Although the somatic embryos failed
to germinate to complete plantlets, the regenerated roots
from the somatic embryos could be mass propagated to obtain
hyoscyamine, the main tropane alkaloid produced in H.
niger.
Key
words:
Embryogenic callus, hyoscyamine, Hyoscyamus niger,
root regeneration, somatic embryos. |
