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Production of
phenolic compounds from
Spirulina
maxima
microalgae and its protective
effects
Hanaa H. Abd
El-Baky1, Farouk K. El Baz1
and
Gamal S. El-Baroty2
1Plant
Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki,
Cairo, Egypt.
2Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University,
Cairo, Egypt.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
abdelbakyh@hotmail.com.
Accepted 17
October, 2009 |
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The purpose of this study was to illustrate the
enhancing process of phenolics synthesis in Spirulina
maxima grown in Zarrouk’s medium supplemented with
different concentration of NaNO3 and/or combined
with phenylalanine (L-PA). Also, the protective efficacy of
Spirulina polyphenolic (SPP) extracts against
CCI4-induced microsomal lipid peroxidation and
scavenging of hydroxyl radical formation were performed. The
results revealed that the levels of NaNO3 and
L-PA in growth medium had positive effects on the production
of biomass (34-64 mg/day), total phenolics (4.51-16.96 mg/g
d.w) and flavonoids (1.32-5.12 mg/g d.w) contents. The
highest levels of these compounds were obtained in Zarrouk’s
medium containing 3.77 g/L NaNO3 and 100 mg/L
L-PA. The HPLC-DAD profile of all phenolic extracts of
Spirulina showed the presence of large numbers of
phenolic acids and flavonoids, in variable levels.
Gallic, chlorogenic, cinnamic, pinostrobin and p-OH-benzoic
were found as the most abundant constituents among different
extracts. Polyphenolic of Spirulina exhibited
antioxidant effects on CCI4-induced lipid
peroxidation (inhibition %) in liver homogenate and on DPPH
radical scavenging activity (with IC50 values
ranged from 23.22 to 35.62 µg/ml), in dose-depended manner.
Their protective potential was comparable to that of
standard phenolic antioxidants (BHT, BHA and
α-tocopherol, with IC50
values
ranged from 13.22 to 23.62 µg/ml). Thus, S.
maxima can be regarded as potent natural sources of
nutraceutical and functional ingredients.
Key words:
Spirulina
maxima,
antioxidant activity, carbon tetrachloride, hepatoprotective
effects. |
