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A five year study on the
susceptibility of isolates from various parts of the body
Raphael Mbadiwe Mordi1*
and Moses I Momoh2
1Department
of Medical Microbiology, University of Benin Teaching
Hospital, Benin City, Edo State.
2University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
raphael_mordi@yahoo.com. Tel: 234-8023518894.
Accepted
14 August, 2008 |
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In Nigeria, like most developing countries, there is little
or complete lack of antibiotic prescribing policy. This
results in a situation where antimicrobial agents are bought
and consumed indiscriminately, thus leading to drug abuse.
The ugly consequence is the development of resistance by
microorganisms to these antimicrobial agents. This study
seeks to determine the antibiogram of common isolates from
swabs and aspirates in the University of Benin Teaching
Hospital, Nigeria, in the last half a decade. The design was
prospective and cross sectional. Patients attending the
University of Benin Teaching Hospital clinics were used for
the study. The various antimicrobial agents used in this
study were amoxicillin clavulanate 30 µg, cefuroxime 30 µg,
ceftazidime 5 µg, ofloxacin 5 µg gentamicin 10 µg,
amoxicillin 25 µg, erythromycin 5 µg, cloxacillin 5 µg,
cotrimoxazole 5 µg, tetracycline 10 µg, and chloramphenicol
30 µg. Cultures were prepared using standard methods and
incubated aerobically and anaerobically at 37°C
for 48 h. Identification was by morphological
characteristics and biochemical tests. The various isolates
for the five-year period were Staphylococcus aureus
1000, Klebsiella pneumoniae 340, Proteus mirabilis
38 Escherichia coli 295, Pseudomonas aeroginosa
240, Alcaligenes faecalis 200, Enterobacter
aerogenes 175, Acinetobacter baumannii 150,
Proteus vulgaris 110, Providencia stuartii 101,
Streptococcus pneumoniae 16, Citrobacter freundii
51. The isolates varied widely in their susceptibility
pattern. Almost all the isolates were about 100% resistant
to cloxacillin, tetracycline and cotrimoxazole. The analysis
of variance (ANOVA) showed no difference in the
susceptibility pattern of the isolates in the five years.
However there was significant difference in the efficacy of
the various antimicrobial agents and the number of isolates.
This study achieved its aim of determining the microbial
flora and their sensitivity pattern at the University of
Benin Teaching Hospital in the last half a decade. The
increasing rate of drug resistance demonstrated by the
isolates particularly to cheap and frequently used
antimicrobial agents raises serious concern.
Key
words:
Antibiogram, bacteria, isolates, wound, infections. |
