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Comparative
antioxidant capacity, membrane stabilization, polyphenol
composition and cytotoxicity of the leaf and stem of
Cissus multistriata
Omale, James1* and Okafor,
Polycarp Nnacheta2
1Department
of Biochemistry, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi-State,
Nigeria.
2Department
of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture,
Umudike, P. M. B 7267 Umuahia, Abia –State, Nigeria.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
jamesomale123@yahoo.com.
Accepted 1 August, 2008 |
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In this present study, a comparative evaluation of the
antioxidant capacities, phenol and polyphenol composition,
membrane stabilization, and cytotoxicity to brine shrimps (Arthemia
salina) of the leaf and stem extracts of Cissus
multistriata were carried out. 2,2- Diphenyl-1-picryl
hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect of the extracts
was determined spectrophotometrically. The highest radical
scavenging effect was observed in the stem extract with IC50
of 29.25 µg/ml. The potency of radical scavenging
effect of the stem extract was close to the synthetic
antioxidant quercetin with IC50 of 21.05 µg/ml.
The antioxidant activities of each extract increased with
increasing concentration of extracts. The phenol and
polyphenol content of the stem varied between 0.564 ± 0.000
to 6.200 ± 0.557% and that of the leaf content is lower
(0.523 ± 0.000 to 3.400 ± 0.355%). The higher amount of
phenolic compound in the stem could be contributory to the
greater radical scavenging effects observed. The methanolic
extracts exhibited minimum and maximum percentage membrane
stability of 51.364 ± 11.241 and 56.098 ± 14.654% on human
erythrocyte. The highest membrane stabilizing activity was
observed in the stem extract with percentage stability of
56.098 ± 14.654%. The activity of the extracts was
comparable to the standard anti-inflammatory drug
(Indomethacin) used. The extracts are less toxic to the cell
(Arthenia salina) with their LC/EC50
higher than that of standard potassium dichromate used. The
results obtained in this present study indicate that C.
multistriata can be a potential source of natural
antioxidant and is relatively safe.
Key words:
Cissus Multistriata, antioxidant, radical scavenger,
polyphenols, cytotoxicity, Arthemia salina membrance
stabilization. |
