|
In vitro
micropropagation of almond (Amygdalus communis L. cv.
Nonpareil)
Çiğdem Işıkalan*, Filiz
Adıyaman Akbaş, Süreyya Namlı, Engin Tilkat and Davut
Başaran
Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, the
University of Dicle, 21280 Diyarbakır-Turkey.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
ahrar@dicle.edu.tr.
Tel + 90-412-2488550.
Fax:
+90-412-2488039.
Abbreviations:
BA, Benzylaminopurine (N6-benzyladenine); kin,
kinetin; MS, Murashige and Skoog medium; IAA, indole acetic
acid; NAA, naphtalen acetic acid; PGRs, plant growth
regulator(s).
Accepted
9 May, 2008 |
|
An efficient in vitro propagation method was developed
for almond (Amygdalus communis L. cv. Nonpareil). The
effect of BA and kinetin (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mgl-1)
on the culture initiation of zygotic embryos isolated from
mature seeds was investigated. A Murashige and Skoog (1962)
(MS) medium containing 30 gl-1 sucrose, 0.5 and
1.0 mgl-1 N6-benzylaminopurine (BA)
and 7 gl-1 agar resulted in a multiple shoot
initiation at the rate of 11.0 ± 1.32 and 14.7 ± 2.12 shoot
per explant, respectively, in 28 days of culture. The
effects of a low concentration of BA (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0
mgl-1) and different combinations of auxin +
cytokinin were investigated for shoot proliferation. The
best results for new shoot production were obtained from a
MS culture medium which was supplemented with 1.0 mgl-1
BA. The rooting was achieved in a ½ MS medium
supplemented with 8.0 mgl-1 indole acetic acid
(IAA). The in vitro raised plants were acclimatized
in a growth room and successfully transplanted to the field.
This method here in described will be useful for the rapid
multiplication of almond (A. communis L. cv.
Nonpareil) in commercial exploitation.
Key
words:
Amygdalus
communis
L.cv. Nonpareil, micropropagation, zygotic embryos, in
vitro. |
