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Effect of water pollution
on expression of immune response genes of Solea
aegyptiaca in Lake Qarun
Fagr Kh. Ali1, Saber A. El-Shafai1,
Farag A. Samhan1, Wagdy K.B. Khalil2*
1Department
of Water Pollution Research, National Research Center, El-Behoos
street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
2Department
of Cell Biology, National Research Center, El-Behoos street,
Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
wagdykh@yahoo.com.
Tel and Fax: +20233353498. Mobile: +20127410600.
Accepted 15 April, 2008 |
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This research was aimed to
study quality of water in Lake Qarun and effects of
pollution on expression of immune genes in Egyptian sole (Solea
aegyptiaca) fish. The study was carried out from August
2006 to the end of April 2007. The water samples were
collected from different locations of Lake Qarun at Al-Oberge
within an area of 200 to 1500 meter from the shore. The
samples were subjected to different physical and chemical
analyses. The concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS)
recorded an average value of 37.8 g/l while the chloride
content was 14.3 g/l on average. The corresponding value of
salinity was 25.9 g/l. For the chemical oxygen demand and
biochemical oxygen demand the results revealed that the
average values were 98
±
22 mg O2/l and 8.0
± 2.1 mg O2/l
for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen
demand (BOD), respectively. Analyses of nitrogen group
indicated presence of low concentrations of all. For total
pesticides which might be one of the most potential
pollutants in the lake, the results showed an average value
of 0.62 mg/l. Furthermore, the total viable bacterial count
(TVBC) ranged from 103 colony forming unit (CFU)
in the middle of the Lake to 107 (CFU) near the
shore. Stressed total coliform group (STC), stressed faecal
coliform group (SFC) and stressed faecal streptococci group
(SFS) increased from the middle of the Lake to the shore.
The differential expression of the immune genes, that is,
GARP and SIMP genes, as a result of pollution influence was
further confirmed by RT-PCR, with the up-regulation of these
genes in the liver of the collected fish. The application of
the expression of the immune genes of fish might be time
safe and cost effective in case there are different source
of pollution.
Key words:
Pollution, Lake Qarun, Solea aegyptiaca, immune
genes. |
