African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 6 (20), pp. 2310-2313, 18 October 2007   

ISSN 1684–5315 © 2007 Academic Journals        

Full Length Research Paper

Mitragyna ciliata and its trypanocidal activity

Ogbunugafor Henrietta, A.¹* Okochi Veronica, I.² Okpuzor Joy³, Adedayo Titilayo³ and Esue Stephen³

¹Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe, University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.

²Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba. Lagos State, Nigeria.

³Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: tetresearch@yahoo.com. Tel: 08032322729.

Accepted 16 May, 2007

The trypanocidal activity of different fractions of hydroethanolic root extract of Mitragyna ciliata Aubrev and Pellegr (Rubiaceae) were evaluated in rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei field isolates from a cow. Oral administration of the fractions at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 5 days (10 days post-infection) indicated that only butanol fraction showed trypanocidal activity with inhibition percent of 68.68. The activities of oxidative stress enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in the infected rats were determined. SOD activity was significantly higher than control (1.64 ± 0.026 I/U) in all fractions except ethyl acetate (1.56 ± 0.031 I/U). Catalase showed a significant decrease in activity in butanol (2.05 ± 0.015 I/U) and chloroform (2.18 ± 0.061 I/U) fractions compared to control (2.30 ± 0.015 I/U). Butanol fraction might have affected the redox equilibrium of the infected animals causing oxidative stress to the parasites. This is the basis of inhibition of growth of the parasites by the butanol fraction.

Key words: Mitragyna ciliata, Trypanosoma brucei, oxidative stress, catalase and superoxide dismutase.