African Journal of Biotechnology
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African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 5 (2), pp. 154-156, 16 January 2006 ISSN 1684–5315 © 2006 Academic Journals
Biolistic inoculation of
cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) with South African cassava
mosaic virus
M. Makwarela1,2,
N.J. Taylor2, C.M. Faquet2 and M.E.C. Rey1*
1School of Molecular
and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS
2050, Johannesburg, South Africa.
2International
Laboratory for Tropical Agricultural Biotechnology (ILTAB), Danforth Plant
Science Center, 975 Warson Road, St Louis, MO 63132, Missouri, U.S.A.
*Corresponding authors
E-mail:
chrissie@gecko.biol.wits.ac.za. Tel: +27 11 717 6351.
Abbreviations: CMD,
Cassava mosaic disease; ACMV, African cassava mosaic virus; EACMV, East
African cassava mosaic virus; ACMV-KE, African cassava mosaic virus-Kenya;
ACMV-UG, African cassava mosaic virus-Uganda; ACMV-IC, African cassava
mosaic virus-India; EACMV-CM, East African cassava mosaic virus-Cameroon;
EACMV-CM/IC, East African cassava mosaic virus-India/Cameroon; SACMV,
South African cassava mosaic virus; dpi, days post-inoculation; PCR,
polymerase chain reaction; IR, intergenic region; CR, common
region.
Accepted 24 October, 2005 |
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| Abstract | |||||
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Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) is undoubtedly the most widespread disease in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in sub-Saharan Africa. While African cassava mosaic virus-Kenya (ACMV-KE), African cassava mosaic virus-Uganda (ACMV-UG), African cassava mosaic virus-India (ACMV-IC), East African cassava mosaic virus-Cameroon (EACMV-CM) and a recombinant East African cassava mosaic virus-India/Cameroon (EACMV-CM/IC) can be transmitted easily and repeatedly to Nicotiana benthamiana plants, difficulty in mechanical transmission and multiplication of EACMV-UG and South African cassava mosaic virus (SACMV) in N. benthamiana appears to place them biologically in a different group. In vitro grown 3-week-old cassava plants were biolistically inoculated with SACMV DNA A and B dimers and infectivity measured using a system based on visual assessment. We report for the first time successful infection, induced by SACMV DNA A and B dimer, of cassava cultivar TMS60444 using biolistic inoculation. Typical mosaic symptoms started to show at 14 days post-inoculation (dpi) in infected cassava plants, and SACMV replication was confirmed using PCR. Potential applications of biolistic infection of SACMV are also discussed.
Key words: Cassava, biolistic, inoculation, SACMV.
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