African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (10), pp. 1133-1138, October 2005          
ISSN 1684–5315 © 2005 Academic Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Trace metal contents of facial (make-up) cosmetics commonly used in Nigeria

NNOROM, I.C.¹*, IGWE, J.C.¹ and OJI-NNOROM C.G.²

¹Department of Industrial Chemistry, Abia State University,  Uturu, Nigeria.

²Raw Material, Research and Development Council, Federal Ministry of Science and Technology. P M B 7264 Umuahia, Nigeria.

*Corresponding authors E-mail: chidiabsu@yahoo.co.uk; Tel: +234-803-7928452.

Accepted 9 September, 2005

Several facial cosmetics available in Nigeria were analyzed for their contents of the heavy metals; lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel, zinc and iron. The levels of chromium, iron and zinc were much higher in the samples than those of the non-essential toxic metals; lead, cadmium and nickel. The range of the geometric average for the various cosmetics is: Fe, 97-256 μg/g; Ni, 8-13 μg/g; Pb, 87-123 μg/g; and Zn, 88-101 μg/g. The geometric mean values obtained for Cr and Cd were generally below 40 μg/g and about 1 μg/g, respectively. Our result indicates that these cosmetics are relatively safer to use when compared to the lead-based kwali eye make-up commonly available in Nigeria. These data indicate that the continuous use of these cosmetics could result in an increase in the trace metal levels in the ocular system and the human body beyond acceptable limits. The application of these cosmetics needs to be considered as a source of lead in evaluating patients with symptoms of lead intoxication in regions where this practice is common.

Key words: Heavy metals, eye, cosmetics, make-up, lead.