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Full Length Research Paper
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Pulp and paper production
from Spruce wood with kraft and modified kraft methods
Ahmet Tutus1*, Saim Ates2 and Ilhan
Deniz3
1Department of Forest Industrial Engineering,
Faculty
of Forestry, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University (KSU)
46100, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
2Department
of Forest Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Forestry,
Kastamonu University, 37100, Kastamonu, Turkey.
3Department
of Forest Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Forestry,
Karadeniz Technical University (KTU), 61800, Trabzon,
Turkey.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
atutus@ksu.edu.tr.
Tel: +90-5374517621.
Accepted
26 February, 2010 |
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Abstract |
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In this
study, kraft and modified kraft pulping methods were applied
for spruce (Picea orientalis) wood collected from the
Black Sea Region of Turkey. Fiber properties, carbohydrate
contents, strength and optical properties of resultant paper
were included to determine the properties of these pulp
samples. Optimum kraft, kraft-borohydride (NaBH4),
kraft-anthraquinone (AQ) and kraft-ethanol pulping
conditions were determined. After determining screened
yield, kappa number, viscosity, fiber length, fiber
coarseness, α-cellulose, holocellulose, lignin and ash
content, breaking length, tear indexes and burst indexes of
the obtained pulp samples, the differences of SEM image of
each pulp sample were captured and evaluated. The results
indicated that kraft-AQ pulps from spruce wood exhibited
better characteristics than the other pulp samples with
lower kappa number, higher paper strength properties and
optical properties. However, kraft-NaBH4 method
gave pulps with closer characteristics to kraft-AQ and also
gave a higher screened yield and α-cellulose ratio than the
others.
Key
words:
Spruce, modified kraft methods, borohydride, AQ, SEM. |
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