Full Length Research Paper

Circulating entomofaune in orchards of apple trees in the region of the Aures (Eastern - Algeria)

Frah N.¹, Khelil M. A.² and Medjdoub-Bensaad F.³*

¹Laboratory of Entomology Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Sciences. University of Batna 05000, Algeria.

²Laboratory of valorization of the man's actions for the protection of the environment and application in public health. Faculty of the Sciences University of Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria.

³Laboratory of Entomology, Department of Biology, Faculty of the Biologic Sciences and the Agronomic Sciences, University Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou 15000, Algeria.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: medjdoubferroudja@yahoo.fr.

Accepted 12 December, 2008

   Abstract

In the Aures Area (Eastern Algeria), the protection of apple trees orchards against pests is essentially based on massive use of chemicals. To evaluate its impact on beneficial, a study of the entomologic biodiversity, evaluated through its regularity at the families scale has been carried out and a description of the beneficial fauna has been realised. Sampling procedures was achieved by bimonthly beating from April to October 2003 and by mowing of the inter-raw in spring and in the beginning of summer. A convergence between the result issued from the beating and the mowing of the inter-raw is noticed as for the effectives, and then superior biomass for the orchard 1 of Fesdis .An entomological wealth increased of some functional groups (Coccinellidae, Syrphidae, predator bugs and Forficulidae) in the herbaceous cover of this orchard's inter-raw, is not accompanied by insects stocking richer of apple tree due to the factor of high aphid effectives. The diversity index H, of Species Evenness Index E (weak values), Simpson’s diversity index D (high value) calculated for the stocking of apple tree of orchard 1; interpret this group abundance and don't permit to characterize this orchard. The observed differences between the three orchards can be related to the production mode (Organic substance supply and mechanical maintenance of the raw for the orchard of Fesdis) and to the chemical protection (orchards of Bouhmama and Ichemoul) and are in relation to the structure of the beneficial fauna.

Key words:  Apple, tree (Malus communis), entomofauna, biodiversity, beneficial arthropods, pests-C.